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The fashion industry contributes between 2-10% of global carbon emissions. The global production of clothing doubled between 2000 and 2015, while the average number of times clothing is worn fell by 36%. The emergence of low-priced brands gives the impression that clothes are disposable.

时尚产业的碳排放量占全球碳排放量的2-10%。2000年至2015年间，全球服装产量翻倍，而服装的使用次数则下降了36%。低廉服装品牌的出现让人产生一种感觉——衣服是穿过一次即可丢弃的。

But the cheap prices mask a high environmental cost. Inexpensive, low-quality garments have meant it is often cheaper for consumers to buy a new outfit than get their clothes repaired which has led to mountains of discarded clothing being either burned or ending up in landfill. The other big problems facing fashion at the moment is overproduction, which has led to brands incinerating millions of pounds worth of unsold stock.

但是，廉价的价格背后，掩藏着的是高昂的环境成本。廉价低质的服装意味着消费者购买新衣服通常比修补衣服便宜，这导致大量废弃衣物最终被烧毁或被填埋。而时尚界在现阶段还面临着生产过剩的问题，一些品牌服饰公司销毁的积压库存，价值高达数百万英镑。

Kourda who has brought about a solution grew up with her grandmother instilling in her strong values of looking after things. "Every garment was reused and repurposed continuously," Kourda says. Kourda’s approach is to use technology to help people go shopping in their own wardrobes. The company uses computer to build a digital image of a user's wardrobe, advising how to add new outfits as well as connecting users to repair and alteration services.

库尔达给出了一个方法。她的祖母灌输给她强烈的价值观，要求她照顾好每一件所有物，“每件衣服都经过修改后重复使用”库尔达说。

库尔达的方法是使用科技帮助人们在自己的衣柜里“购物”。她使用计算机构建用户衣柜的数字化图像，向客服提议如何选购新服装，并为其提供修改服务。

Fashion technology company Unmade links demand directly with production. Its software allows people to customize clothing, then the company turns designs into data files that can be sent to factories. Clothing is made on-demand and in smaller batches.

时尚科技公司Unmade将客户需求与生产直接联系起来。其软件允许人们定制服装，然后公司将设计变成数据文件发送到工厂。这些服装是按照需求小批量制作的。

From encouraging new ways of consuming fashion, to making the production of clothing more sustainable and enabling garments to be recycled at the end of their life, the fashion world could look very different by the time we reach 2045.

鼓励新的时尚消费方式，提高服装生产可持续性，并且回收弃用的服装。那么等到2045年，也许时尚界会面貌一新。

Sixteen miles off the coast of northern Scotland, the future of renewable energy is taking shape. The five colossal turbines of the Hywind Scotland wind farm look much like any other off-shore wind project. While conventional offshore turbines sit atop metal and concrete towers fixed into the seabed, Hywind's turbines rest on steel keels that bob with the waves. 

距离苏格兰北部海岸16英里的地方，可再生能源的未来正在成形。苏格兰海风风电场的五台巨型涡轮机看起来与其他任何海上风力发电项目没什么不同；但是它安装在随波逐流的钢龙骨上，而传统的海上涡轮机安装在固定在海床上的金属和混凝土塔架上。

This design is changing the way green developers view offshore wind. Unlike fixed units, floating turbines can operate in deep waters far from the shoreline, where winds tend to be stronger and more consistent. Many of the globe's most densely populated coastal regions straddle these deep waters, according to Henrik Steisdal, a inventor at the forefront of floating wind innovation. He says this gives floating wind another advantage – it can serve communities that currently don't have much meaningful wind power capacity.

这一设计正在改变绿色开发商对于海上风电的看法。处于浮动式风电创新前沿的发明家亨里克·施泰斯达尔表示：与固定式风电机组不同，浮动式风电机组可以在远离海岸线的深水中运行，那里的风往往更强、更稳定。世界上许多人口最稠密的沿海地区都横跨这些深水区。这给了浮动式风电另一个优势——它可以服务于目前没有多少风力发电能力的社区。

Projects like Hywind's floating wind farm offer a glimpse of what that future could look like. It could be an important development as the world strives to meet the net zero carbon emission targets that countries committed to in the Paris Agreement on Climate Change. The energy sector as a whole currently accounts for around three quarters of all the greenhouse gases emitted by human activity.

像海风浮动式风电场这样的项目让我们得以窥见未来（能源）的前景。随着世界各国努力去实现在《巴黎气候变化协定》中承诺的零碳净排放目标，这可能是一项重要的发展。目前能源总体约占人类活动排放的温室气体的四分之三。

To cut those emissions, green electricity will need to be at the core source of global energy, according to the International Energy Agency. It says that by 2040, half of the world's energy needs will have to be met by electricity. Our energy network could look radically different to the way it does today.

据国际能源署称，为了减少这些排放，绿色电力必须成为全球能源的核心来源。据称，到2040年，世界一半的能源将由电力来提供。我们的能源网络将会与现在彻底不同。

For the people of coastal Bangladesh, the monsoon can bring untold torment. Every year from June to October, in the Ganges delta region where the country’s three major rivers converge, the waterways swell and riverbanks burst, causing catastrophic flooding. And the torrential rainfall is exacerbated in recent years by global heating. Homes and livelihoods are lost overnight. But fortunately, the meltwater also brings cascades of sediment that, a few months later, leave unpredictable gifts--new strips of land, known as“chars”, rising from the riverbed.

季风会给孟加拉国沿海地区的人们带来数不清的折磨。每年的6至10月，在印度三大河流交汇的恒河三角洲地区都会出现水道膨胀、河岸决堤的现象，引发灾难性的洪水。近年来的全球变暖问题更是加剧了灾难。一夜之间，人们失去了家园和生计。但幸运的是，高山冰雪融水也带来了瀑布般的沉积物。几个月后，意料之外的礼物出现了——被称为“chars”的狭长的新土地，从河床上升起。

“You can’t really call it land,”says Marina Tabassum, who is the first architect from the global south to win the Soane medal award. “It is wetness. It belongs to the river. But for the landless, the chars offer some years of relief.They provide a place to fish, cultivate and settle with their families.”

“你没法真正称之为土地，”Marina Tabassum说。她是全球南方第一个获得Soane奖章的建筑师。“它是湿的。它属于这条河。但对于无家可归的人来说，‘chars’为他们提供了一个可以捕鱼、耕种和与家人定居的地方，这是一种能持续数年的慰藉。”

Last year, Tabassum and her team developed a low-cost modular house kit for the landless char dwellers. They designed a simple space-frame system using lengths of readily available bamboo, connected with steel joints,that could house a family of four for £300, and be built by residents themselves.The Khudi Bari (Tiny House) comprises a pitched-roof upper level sleeping platform above a ground floor of compacted earth, with the structure clad in panels of woven grass,or whatever local materials are to hand. Four families have been rehoused so far in Char Hijla,southern-central Bangladesh,to test how the design works, with 100 more homes on the way.

去年，Tabassum和团队为无家可归的char居民设计了一种低成本的模块化房屋套件。他们设计了一个简单的立体框架系统。这个可以由居民自己建造的系统造价只有300欧元。利用竹子现成的长度，由钢接头连接，可以容纳一个四口之家。Khudi Bari(小房子)包括一个斜屋顶的上层睡眠平台，位于由夯土建成的一层之上；结构覆盖着编织的草板或任何当地材料。目前为止，在孟加拉国中南部的Char Hijla已有四户家庭被重新安置，以测试该设计的可行性，另外还有100多户正在筹建中。

“As architects we have a responsibility to these people,”she says.“The construction industry contributes half of all global emissions, but the people being affected by sea-level rise in the coastal areas have zero carbon footprint.”

她表示:“作为建筑师，我们应当对这些人负责。建筑业的碳排放量占全球总量的一半，但沿海地区受海平面上升影响的人们却没有碳足迹。”

Paris is creating 650km (400 miles) of new cycle ways and hopes to open up the whole of the city to bicycles by 2026 under a new plan announced by mayor Anne Hidalgo, while the Colombian capital, Bogota, has made 75 miles of streets car-free.

巴黎正在修建一条650公里（400英里）的新自行车道，并希望根据市长安妮·伊达尔戈宣布的新计划，在2026年前让自行车可以穿梭在城市的每个角落，而哥伦比亚的首都波哥大则让75英里长的街道无车行驶。

In Ulm, southern Germany, the Energon building uses a process called passive heating, drawing on natural energy sources to regulate the building’s temperature.

位于德国南部的乌尔姆，被动房使用一种叫做被动加热的过程，它能利用自然能源来调节建筑物的温度。

译注：被动房，是各种技术产品的集大成者，通过充分利用可再生能源使所有消耗的一次性能源总和不超过120千瓦·小时/（平米.年）的房屋。

Underground canals around the building suck in and heat incoming air in winter, and cool the system in summer with the help of probes extending 100m (330ft) underground, where the earth's natural temperature can be used to cool or heat the air above. This allows the building to use 75% less energy for heating and cooling than a standard office building.

建筑周围的地下管道在冬季吸收并加热进来的空气，而在夏季借助地下100米（330 英尺）的探针来冷却这个系统，在地下，地球的自然温度可用于冷却或加热上方空气。使建筑用于供暖和制冷的能源比标准办公楼少75%。

Cities are also adopting nature-based solutions outside to help store carbon. Medellin in Colombia has planted 30 green corridors along 18 roads and 12 waterways, with 8,300 trees and 350,000 bushes. This has reduced the local temperature by more than 2C.

同时，很多城市也在用大自然的方式来帮忙储存碳。哥伦比亚的麦德林已在18条公路和12条水道上建设了30条绿色长廊，这些长廊包括8300棵树和35万棵树丛。这使得当地的温度降低了2摄氏度以上。

编译 | 王凯璐、金灵依、姚汤嘉、王瑞菁

排版 | 赵梦赟