Friends smell like one another ？
1.神奇的体味
Dogs greet other dogs nose-first, as it were—sniffing each other from fore to (especially) aft. People are not quite so open about the process of sniffing each other out. But the size of the perfume industry suggests scent is important in human relations, too. There is also evidence that human beings can infer kinship, deduce emotional states and even detect disease via the sense of smell.
狗用鼻子打招呼时从头到尾互相嗅闻，就像它们能闻到彼此之间特殊味道一样。人们对互相嗅探的过程并不那么开放。但香水行业的规模表明，香味在人际关系中占到重要位置。还有证据表明，人类通过香味可以推断亲属关系，情绪状态，甚至能检测疾病。
Now, Inbal Ravreby, Kobi Snitz and Noam Sobel of the Weizmann Institute of Science, in Israel, have gone a step further. They think they have shown, admittedly in a fairly small sample of individuals, that friends actually smell alike. They have also shown that this is probably the case from the get-go, with people picking friends at least partly on the basis of body odour, rather than the body odours of people who become friends subsequently converging.
通过以色列魏茨曼科学研究所的Inbal Ravreby，Kobi Snitz和Noam Sobel进一步研究表明，在相当小的样本中，朋友闻起来很相似。他们说，从一开始人们选择朋友可能基于体味，而不是后来变成相同的体味。
2.体味预测的友谊
As they report in Science Advances, Dr Ravreby, Dr Snitz and Dr Sobel started their research by testing the odours of 20 pairs of established, non-romantic, same-sex friends. They did this using an electronic nose (e-nose) and also two groups of specially recruited human “smellers”.
正如他们在《科学进展》上报道的那样，Ravreby博士，Snitz博士和Sobel博士通过电子鼻子和两组专门招募的人类“嗅觉者” 来测试20对同性朋友的气味。
The e-nose employed a set of metal-oxide gas sensors to assess t-shirts worn by participants. One group of human smellers were given pairs of these shirts and asked to rate how similar they smelt. Those in the other group were asked to rate the odours of individual t-shirts on five subjective dimensions: pleasantness, intensity, sexual attractiveness, competence and warmth. The e-nose results and the opinions of the second group of smellers were then subjected to a bit of multidimensional mathematical jiggery-pokery (think plotting the results on a graph, except that the graph paper has five dimensions), and they, too, emerged as simple, comparable numbers.
电子鼻采用了一组金属氧化物气体传感器来评估参与者穿的T恤。一组人类也被要求评估这些T恤闻起来的相似度。另一组的人被要求在五个主观维度上对个别T恤的气味进行评级：愉悦，强度，性吸引力，能力和温暖。然后，电子鼻子的结果和第二组人类嗅觉者的意见结合构成一些多维数学的手段（就像把结果都绘制成曲线图一样，只不过这张曲线图有五个维度），它们以简单，可比较的数字出现。
All three approaches yielded the same result. The t-shirts of friends smelt more similar to each other than the t-shirts of strangers. Friends, in other words, do indeed smell alike.
这三种方法都产生了相同的结果。朋友的T恤比陌生人的T恤闻起来更相似。换句话说，朋友之间“臭味相投”。
3.模糊不清的体味
To cast light on whether friendship causes similarity of scent, or similarity of scent causes friendship, Dr Ravreby, Dr Snitz and Dr Sobel then investigated whether e-nose measurements could be used to predict positive interactions between strangers—the sort of “clicking” that is often the basis of a new friendship. To this end they gathered another 17 volunteers, gave them t-shirts to wear to collect their body odours, ran those odours past the e-nose, and then asked the participants to play a game.
是友谊会导致气味的相似性，还是气味的相似性会引发友谊？为了研究这个问题，Ravreby博士，Snitz博士和Sobel博士随后研究了电子鼻测量是否可用于预测陌生人之间的积极互动 - 这种“接触”通常是新友谊的基础。为此，他们召集了另外17名志愿者，给他们穿上T恤来收集他们的体味，然后把这些气味穿过电子鼻让参与者玩游戏。
This game involved silently mirroring another individual’s hand movements. Participants were paired up at random and their reactions recorded. After each interaction, participants demonstrated how close they felt to their fellow gamer by overlapping two circles (one representing themselves, the other their partner) on a screen. The more similar the two electronic smell signatures were, the greater the overlap. Participants also rated the quality of their interaction in the game along 12 subjective dimensions of feelings that define friendship. Similar odours corresponded to positive ratings for nine of these dimensions. Intriguingly, however, two participants smelling alike did not mean they were any more accurate at the mirroring game than others, as measured by a hidden camera.
这个游戏设计反映另一个人的手部动作。参与者随机配对并记录他们的反应。每次互动后，参与者通过在屏幕上重叠两个圆圈（一个代表他们自己，另一个代表他们的伴侣）来展示他们与其他游戏玩家的亲密程度。两个电子气味签名越相似，重叠就越大。
参与者还根据定义友谊的12个主观感受维度对他们在游戏中的互动质量进行了评分。类似的气味对应于其中九个维度的为正面评价。然而，有趣的是，两名参与者闻起来相似并不意味着他们在镜像游戏中比其他人更亲密，这是由隐藏的摄像头测量的。
Why scent might play a role in forming friendships remains obscure. Other qualities correlated with being friends, including age, appearance, education, religion and race, are either immediately obvious or rapidly become so. But while some individuals have strong and noticeable body odour, many—at least since the use of soap has become widespread—do not. It is present. But it is subliminal. Dr Ravreby speculates that there may be “an evolutionary advantage in having friends that are genetically similar to us”.
体味在建立友谊中发挥的作用仍然模糊不清。这与成为朋友相关的其他品质，包括年龄，外表，教育，宗教和种族有关。过程中体味要么立即显现出来，要么迅速变得如此。
我们当中一部分人有强烈而明显的体味，但自从肥皂普遍使用以来，它已经变成了潜体味。Ravreby博士推测，“这是拥有与我们体味相似的朋友的优势。
重难点词语解释
1.subsequently : 随后; 后来; 之后
Subsequently, a flexible strip is attached to the peeled-off end of the cover tapeby means of a clip.
2.multidimensional : 多维的
This may be very hard for others outside of those awakening to their multidimensional selves to understand.
3.participants : 参与者; 与会者;
The theoretical analysis on the community participance of China.
4.widespread : 分布广的; 普遍的; 大量的; 广泛应用的
Wary of widespread fraud, Mr. Kwong said he had turned down numerous offersfrom immigration lawyers to be a witness in asylum cases.
原文链接：
https://www.thepassivevoice.com/friends-smell-like-one-another/#:~:text=Why%20scent%20might%20play%20a%20role%20in%20forming,are%20either%20immediately%20obvious%20or%20rapidly%20become%20so.
https://cn.bing.com/search?q=why+scent+might+play+on+friendship&qs=HS&sc=10-0&cvid=CF8849DFB39440969289161DF1BEEE71&sp=1&first=39&FORM=PERE2
文案 | 曼尔飞娜.肉孜
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