被指卖腐而被迫出柜?
Celebrities aren’t the
only ones suffering...
《心跳漏一拍》海报
全文字数:2534字 / 阅读时间:8分钟
在舆论压力中出柜
Kit Connor, a star of Netflix’s teen romcom, “Heartstopper,” said on Halloween that he felt he was being forced out of the closet — a concerning new development at the intersection of cancel culture and identity policing.
网飞的青少年浪漫喜剧《心跳漏一拍》主演基特·康纳在万圣节表示,他觉得自己被逼出柜——在取消文化*和身份监管的交汇点上,这种全新的发展状况令人担忧。
译注:Cancel culture,即“取消文化”,是一种社群抵制行为,利用举报、舆论讨伐将自己不认同的人驱逐出其所属的社交圈、社群媒体,最终“被取消”。
“Back for a minute,” he tweeted, referring to his self-imposed break from Twitter due to previous harassment. “I’m bi. Congrats for forcing an 18 year old to out himself. I think some of you missed the point of the show. bye.”
“我要回归网络一分钟。”他在推特上写道,他指的是由于之前的骚扰,自己主动退网了。“我是双性恋。恭喜你们成功地逼一个18岁男生出柜。我想有些人没有领会这部剧要传达的重点。再见。”
In the series, Connor plays a British high school rugby Nick Nelson, alongside classmate Charlie Spring who falls in love with him. Nick starts to question and finally confirms his own sexuality amid his growing feelings for Charlie.
在剧中,康纳扮演的英国高中橄榄球运动员尼克,被男同学查理爱上了。随着尼克对查理的感情越来越深,他开始质疑并最终确认了自己的双性恋取向。
The show was so well received when it launched this year that it’s already been renewed for two more seasons. It is one of the first to center LGBTQ characters and gear towards a teen and young adult audience.
这部剧今年开播时大受欢迎,已经被续订了两季。它是最早的几部以LGBTQ角色为中心、并面向青少年和成人的剧集之一。
《心跳漏一拍》剧照
Calls for Connor to address his own orientation started this spring with taunting on Twitter, which he addressed in a tweet, saying, “twitter is so funny man. apparently some people on here know my sexuality better than I do…” Still though, that pressure did not abate, and Connor was accused of “queerbaiting” when pictures emerged of him holding hands with actress Maia Reficco.
今年春天,人们开始在推特上嘲弄、挑衅康纳,要求他公开自己的性取向,他在推特上回应道:“推特真是太有趣了。显然这里有些人比我更了解我的性取向……”尽管如此,这种压力并没有减少。当康纳和女演员玛雅·瑞菲科牵手的照片被曝光时,他被指责在剧集里“卖腐(Queerbaiting)”。
Thousands of supporters, including Alice Oseman, author of the graphic novel of the same name on which the show is based, rushed to support Connor. “I truly don’t understand how people can watch Heartstopper and then gleefully spend their time speculating about sexualities and judging based on stereotypes,” she wrote.
成千上万的支持者,包括剧集的同名原著漫画作者爱丽丝·奥斯曼,都赶来支持康纳。爱丽丝写道:“我真的不明白,人们怎么能在看完《心跳漏一拍》后,还对猜测演员的性取向、根据刻板印象评判他人这种事乐此不疲。”
什么是Queerbaiting?
Queerbaiting was originally a criticism directed at films and shows that would hint at LGBTQ+ representation without actually depicting it, in order to attract LGBTQ+ audiences without having to lose the straight ones.
“卖腐(Queerbaiting)”最初是一种针对电影和节目的批评,这些电影和节目暗示了LGBTQ+的内容,却没有真正展现它,目的是在不失去异性恋观众的情况下吸引LGBTQ+观众。
But the extremely media-literate young people who make up online fandoms have weaponized and debased the term, levelling it at any celebrities they believe are performing queerness to curry their favour and and earn the “pink dollar”.
但精通网络的年轻粉丝群体已经把这个词武器化、贬低化了,他们用这个词指责任何他们认为通过扮演酷儿来讨好性少数群体、赚取“粉红美元*”的名人。
译注:pink dollar,即彩虹经济,又叫粉红经济,是指应LGBTQ+群体需求而生的周边商机。对性少数群体友善的异性恋者也是其潜在消费者。
Unlike in the past, when public scrutiny of sexuality was mostly driven by homophobia, this new entitlement seems to be mostly couched not just in acceptance but an intense support for queer identities. While this sounds nice, the problem lies in the fact that celebrities have no say about whether they want this “support” or not. It also doesn’t acknowledge the very real dangers that still exist for people who make the choice to publicly come out.
过去,公众对性取向的审视主要是由恐同引起的;而现在,这种新的审视权似乎不仅仅是对同性恋身份的接受,更是对他们的强烈支持。虽然这听起来不错,但问题在于,明星们对自己是否需要这种“支持”没有发言权。审视者们也并未承认,对于那些选择公开出柜的人来说,仍然存在非常现实的危险。
《心跳漏一拍》主演今年7月参加骄傲游行
狂热的粉丝: 一把双刃剑
The “pressure” that Connor wrote of is not a few scattered trolls or the odd thinkpiece. We’re talking about giant, engaged fandoms across multiple social media networks that might be invisible to you but are of real and pressing concern to anyone in those spaces.
康纳提到的“压力”并非来自零星的喷子或奇怪的评论文章,而是源于横跨多个社交媒体网络的庞大粉丝群。对于置身事外的人而言,这些群组的存在可能无足轻重;但对任何身处其中的人来说,它们都是真实而紧迫的忧患。
Heartstopper’s surprise success stemmed from support from a passionate fandom. These fandoms have a terrifying ability to exert pressure online: they are numerous and vocal, and everyone working in culture right now, from executives to actors, knows that courting them can mean success.
《心跳漏一拍》的意外成功来自于狂热粉丝的支持。这些粉丝有一种在网上施压的恐怖能力:他们人数众多,且直言不讳。现在在文艺界工作的每个人,从高管到演员,都知道讨好粉丝意味着成功。
Although Connor has deactivated his social media accounts, that he felt “forced” to return and come out shows the pressure is both toxic and real. Connor’s character Nick is also on a journey of discovering his sexuality, which is treated with incredibly moving respect and love in the show – but it is something many of the show’s fans clearly misunderstood.
虽然康纳淡出了社交媒体,但他觉得自己“被迫”回归并且出柜,这表明这种压力是极其有害、无比真实的。康纳饰演的尼克也在探索自己性取向的旅程上,在剧中他得到了极大的尊重和爱——而在该事件中,很多剧迷显然没有理解这一点。
演员的性取向真的重要吗?
Connor’s outing is the latest in a string of celebrities recently forced to out themselves, lest tabloid media do so for them, and stands in contrast to the long history of Hollywood celebrities forced to remain in the closet or else risk their careers.
在最近一系列出柜的明星中,康纳是最新的一位。这些明星都被迫公开自己的性取向,以免被小报媒体曝光。这与好莱坞明星不得不对性取向保密,或冒着事业风险出柜的悠久历史形成了鲜明对比。
It’s true that many LGBTQ characters in contemporary media have evolved — from murderers, murder victims, sex workers and one-dimensional characters who provide a punchline — into actual human beings.
的确,当代媒体中的许多LGBTQ角色已经从杀人犯、谋杀受害者、性工作者和提供笑料的单面角色变成了鲜活真实的人。
Now LGBTQ audiences are rightfully asking the hard questions about who gets to play LGBTQ characters. Does a cisgender person playing a transgender character amount to a White actor in blackface, or is there a different litmus test?
现在,LGBTQ观众有理由提出这样一个尖锐的问题:谁来扮演LGBTQ的角色?顺性别者扮演跨性别者是否等于白人演员扮成黑人,还是说有不同的标准?
同性电影《卡罗尔》(2015) 凯特·布兰切特、鲁妮·玛拉主演
While it’s progress that queer actors are being cast in leading roles, weaponizing criticisms of queerbaiting and appropriation as an excuse to force a teen or any actor out of the closet is not the answer. Identities are malleable, what we shouldn’t do is publicly shame someone into disclosing a part of themselves they may not be ready to or want to share.
虽然选酷儿演员为主角是一种进步,但把对卖腐和滥用酷儿文化的批评作为迫使青少年或任何演员出柜的借口,并不能解决问题、推动性别平权。性别身份是可以流动的,我们不应该公然羞辱别人,让他们揭露自己可能还没有准备好的、或不想分享的自己的一部分。
Coming out is a personal journey, but it is one that’s been policed by people both inside and outside of the queer community for a long time. Such entitlement among the public is emblematic of a wider issue – celebrities aren’t the only ones suffering.
出柜是一趟个人旅程,但长期以来却受到酷儿社区内外人士的监督。公众持有这种审视监管的权利,这表明出柜问题广泛存在于所有酷儿群体之间,名人并不是唯一遭受痛苦的人。
It all leads to a situation where there is a “right” or “wrong” way of being queer, where coming out is expected, rather than a choice. But nobody’s sexuality or gender identity needs to be offered up for other people’s consumption – no, not even a celebrity’s.
这一切都导致了这样一种情况:成为酷儿的方式有“对”“错”之分,酷儿们出柜是出于大众所期,而不是自己的选择。但没有人需要把自己的性别身份提供给别人消费——即使是名人也不需要。
重点词汇
troll: n. someone who intentionally disrupts online communities 网络喷子
例句: Just ignore the trolls, they are just trying to start a fight.
malleable: adj. easily influenced or changed 容易改变的,易受影响的
例句: She was young enough to be malleable.
原文链接:
https://edition.cnn.com/2022/11/01/entertainment/kit-connor-heartstopper-coming-out-wellness/index.html
https://www.theage.com.au/culture/celebrity/netflix-star-forced-to-reveal-sexuality-over-accusations-of-queerbaiting-20221102-p5buuz.html
https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-6346944
编译 | 侯倩
排版 | 侯倩

