New situation of
the epidemic
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Not imagination
If it seems like you and everyone you know is sick right now, you are not imagining things.
你和你所认识的人现在好像都生病了，这不是幻想。
A third year of pandemic holiday travel is upon us, but this year instead of just thinking about how to stay safe from the coronavirus, people are also worrying about how to avoid the flu and respiratory syncytial virus, or R.S.V., the so-called tripledemic.
第三年疫情下的出行假期即将来临。但今年，人们不仅关心如何避免感染新冠病毒，还担忧怎样预防流感和呼吸道合胞病毒（R.S.V.）*。这一时期被称为“三重流行疾病期”。
译注：呼吸道合胞病毒（Respiratory syncytial virus, RSV）属于副黏病毒科的肺病毒属（Pneumovirus），主要引起6个月以下婴儿患细支气管炎和肺炎等下呼吸道感染，以及较大儿童和成人的鼻炎、感冒等上呼吸道感染。
图源：www.usatoday.com
不全是“羊”！但为何
大家都突然生病了？
Dr. Ofer Levy, a pediatric infectious disease specialist said that Viral outbreaks naturally vary, with some years worse than others, but COVID-19 certainly affected the natural patterns.
儿科传染病专家Ofer Levy博士表示，病毒爆发自然是因时而异，有些年的情况会更糟糕，但是新冠病毒肯定对这种自然模式产生了影响。
"COVID really threw all of the standard relationships between viruses out of whack and it will take a little bit of time for them to recalibrate and fall into a stable equilibrium." said Al Ozonoff, a pediatric infectious disease researcher at the Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT.
“新冠病毒确实会使病毒间的一些标准关系失常，需要耗费一些时间重新校准，才能回到平衡状态。”哈佛大学和麻省理工学院布罗德研究所的儿科传染病研究员Al Ozonoff称。
图源：www.usatoday.com
The immune system records its exposures through antibodies, so having COVID-19 probably changed it in some way. But it's also robust enough to handle a few years of isolation, Wesemann said.
另一位学者Wesemann表示，免疫系统经由抗体，可以记录人体是如何受到病原体攻击的；因而，感染新冠病毒后产生的抗体，可能在某种程度上抑制病毒的继续传播。话虽如此，新冠病毒仍然顽固异常，能够应对长达数年的隔离。
有症状别慌张！
先明确是得了什么病！
COVID symptoms
新冠病毒症状
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), these are the symptoms associated with COVID-19: Fever, chills, cough, shortness of breath, difficulty breathing, fatigue, muscle/body aches, headache, loss of taste and/or smell, sore throat, congestion, runny nose, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.
根据美国疾病控制和预防中心（CDC）的说法，感染新冠病毒后的症状包括：发烧、发冷、呼吸短促、呼吸困难、疲劳、肌肉或身体疼痛、头痛、同时或单独失去味觉和嗅觉、嗓子痛、瘀血、流鼻涕、恶心、呕吐和腹泻。
图源：微博
Flu symptoms
流感症状
The flu can present similar symptoms to COVID-19. According to the CDC, flu symptoms can include fever, chills, cough, sore throat, runny/stuffy nose, muscle/body aches, headaches and fatigue. Vomiting and diarrhea are also possible symptoms, but they are more common in children than adults.
流感的症状和新冠病毒的症状很相似。根据CDC的说法，流感症状包含发烧、发冷、咳嗽、嗓子痛、流鼻涕或鼻塞、肌肉或身体疼痛、头痛和疲劳。也可能有呕吐和腹泻的症状，但比起成人，这两种症状在儿童患者中更常见。
图源：www.baidu.com
RSV symptoms
呼吸道合胞病毒症状
RSV is a respiratory virus that usually causes mild symptoms, but can be serious for infants or adults with compromised immune systems. Symptoms of RSV can include runny nose, decrease in appetite, coughing, sneezing, fever and wheezing. In young infants, RSV can also present irritability, decreased activity and breathing difficulties.
RSV是一种呼吸道病毒，通常会引发轻微症状，但是对于免疫系统受损的婴儿或成人来说很危险。呼吸道合胞病毒的症状包括流鼻涕、食欲下降、持续咳嗽、打喷嚏、发烧和喘息。婴儿患者还可能出现烦躁，活动减少和呼吸困难的症状。
图源：www.baidu.com
摆烂躺平不可取！
防疫措施仍然有效！
The same strategies that worked during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic still work, and layering them will be more effective than just doing one, the experts said.
专家称，新冠病毒流行高峰期所用的防疫策略现在仍然有效，把各种防疫策略结合使用比只采用一种策略更有效。
1
注射疫苗
Those strategies include vaccinations. Both the flu and COVID-19 vaccines are safe and effective at preventing severe disease, though not all infections.
注射疫苗是其中一种策略。流感、新冠的疫苗尽管不能防止所有人感染，但仍然是一种安全有效的对策。
2
自我防护
Stay home if you're not feeling well.
如果感觉不适，就待在家里。
Wash hands frequently with soap and for at least 20 seconds.
勤洗手，洗手时间至少20秒。
图源：www.usatoday.com
Masking can help, particularly indoors in crowded spaces with poor ventilation. Health officials recommend that individuals opt for three-ply masks such as N95 and KN95. Both masks have 95% filtration efficiency, meaning they're the gold standard when it comes to protection.
口罩仍有保护效用，特别是在通风不好且拥挤的室内空间应佩戴好口罩。卫生部门建议选择佩戴三层口罩，如N95和KN95。这两款口罩的过滤效率均达95%，意味着它们是防护的黄金标准。
3
防止感染
For family gatherings, especially if they include babies, elderly people or people who are immunocompromised, it makes sense to take a rapid COVID-19 test just before getting together.
在家庭聚会前，特别是小孩、老人或是免疫力低的人，十分有必要进行一次快速的抗原自测。
春节将至！
出行要重视自身防护！
图源：www.nytimes.com
1
佩戴好口罩
You should “absolutely” be wearing masks while traveling some places, epidemiologists, infectious disease doctors and air-filtration experts said. Even though planes have great filtration systems, you’ll likely be on crowded planes with other travelers for extended periods of time, increasing the chances of exposure. Not just on the plane, but in the airports, on buses, transit and everywhere else that you’re going in between.
流行病学家、传染病医生和空气过滤专家都称，您“绝对”应该在旅行时戴好口罩。尽管飞机有良好的过滤系统，您也可能会与其他乘客长时间坐在拥挤的飞机上，从而增加了暴露在病毒前的风险。不仅是在飞机上，在机场、公共汽车、公共交通以及途经的任何地方都要佩戴好口罩。
2
注意手部卫生
The flu and seasonal respiratory viruses like R.S.V. are also spread more easily through contaminated items and hands, “so hand hygiene and cleaning/disinfection of high-touch surfaces is an important strategy,” expert said. “Also, a good reminder to avoid touching your face.”
流感和季节性呼吸道病毒，如呼吸道合胞病毒（R.S.V.）也更容易通过触碰被污染的物品和手而感染，“所以，注重手部卫生、消毒经常接触的物品表面都是重要的防护手段。”专家表示，“除此之外，善意提醒您尽量避免触碰您的脸。”
3
进行抗原自测
Consider getting tested with a viral test as close to the time of departure as possible (no more than 3 days) before travel. If you test positive, you should delay your travel. It is recommended that you should test before you leave and a couple of times during your trip.
旅行前，您应该考虑在临近出发（不超过3天）时进行病毒检测。如果检测出了阳性，就应该延后出行计划。同时建议您在出行前和旅行期间进行几次抗原自测。
重点词汇
equilibrium
[U] a balance between different people, groups, or forces that compete with each other, so that none is stronger than the others and a situation is not likely to change suddenly 平衡，均衡，均势
【例句】The government is anxious not to upset the economic equilibrium.
政府急切希望不要打乱经济平衡。
fatigue
[U] very great tiredness 疲劳，疲乏，劳累
【例句】Sam’s face was grey with fatigue.
萨姆累得脸色灰白。
runny
（informal）a runny nose, runny eyes etc have liquid coming out of them, usually because you have a cold 〔通常因感冒而〕流鼻涕的，流泪的
原文链接：
https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/reviewed/2022/12/08/rsv-flu-covid-19-symptoms-how-prevent-and-soothe-during-recovery/10858243002/
https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/health/2022/12/06/flu-worsens-amid-rsv-covid/10816302002/
https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/health/2022/12/17/winter-cold-and-flu-season-what-to-know/10905657002/
https://www.nytimes.com/2022/12/19/travel/covid-flu-rsv-travel-safety.html?name=styln-covid-flu-rsv®ion=TOP_BANNER&block=storyline_menu_recirc&action=click&pgtype=Article&variant=show&is_new=false
编译 | 张若楠
排版 | 张若楠
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