5000万桶伊朗原油“堵”在海上：制裁扰动下中国买家放缓采购

Iranian Oil Held at Sea Hits Most Since '23 as China Demand Lags

The amount of Iranian crude held on tankers at sea has swelled to the highest in two-and-a-half years, reflecting slower demand from top buyer China even as exports from the OPEC member remain elevated.

11月25日，据彭博社报道，海上油轮上滞留的伊朗原油数量已增至两年半以来的最高水平，尽管这个欧佩克成员国的出口仍维持高位，但其最大买家中国的需求正在放缓。

There are about 52 million barrels of the nation's oil in floating storage, the most since May 2023, with roughly half off Malaysia, data from shipping-intelligence firm Kpler showed. That's close to double the volume just a month ago, and up from 5 million to 10 million barrels in January.

船舶追踪平台Kpler的数据显示，目前伊朗海上浮式储油设施中约有5200万桶原油，为2023年5月以来的最高水平，其中约一半位于马来西亚附近。这一数字几乎是上个月的两倍，较1月份的500万至1000万桶大幅增加。

The pile-up has caused discounts on grades such as Iran Light to widen, gapping out as much as $8 a barrel to ICE Brent, according to traders familiar with the market. That compares with a discount of about $4 in August, they said.

贸易商透露，原油积压导致伊朗轻质原油等油种的折扣扩大，与ICE布伦特原油的价差高达8美元/桶。他们表示，相比之下，8月份的价差约为4美元/桶。

China is the main taker of Iranian crude, with the nation's private refiners — known as teapots — the leading importers. At present, those processors have run low on the official quotas required for permission to take shipments from overseas, diminishing their appetite for flows, according to traders.

中国是伊朗原油的主要买家，该国的私营炼油厂则是最大的进口方。贸易商称，目前这些炼油厂的官方配额已接近饱和，无法获得从海外进口原油的许可，导致进口需求下降。

In addition, recent US sanctions on some key terminals in China such as Rizhao — a major entry point for Iranian crude — have hindered discharges, forcing some ships to divert to alternative ports.

此外，美国近期对中国一些重要港口（例如日照港——伊朗原油的主要入口）实施制裁，阻碍了卸货，迫使一些油轮改道至其他港口。