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法国葡萄酒传统的五大名庄来源于1855年的葡萄酒分级制度。该组织于1885年将58个酒庄分为5级，以标定葡萄酒的质量和价格，分别为拉菲(Laflte-Rothschild)、拉图（Latour)、玛歌(Margaux)、侯伯王(Haut-Brion)和木桐酒庄（Mouton Rothschild）。至此形成了著名的五大名庄。
Top five bordeaux chateaux
The five traditional chateaux of French wine derive from the wine classification system of 1855.
In 1885, the group divided 58 chateaux -- laflte-rothschild, Latour, Margaux, haut-brion and Mouton Rothschild -- into five tiers to gauge the quality and price of their wines.Thus formed the famous five famous winery.
拉菲古堡
拉菲酒庄位于波尔多酒区的梅多克产区，1855年被评级为顶级葡萄酒庄，已有数百年的历史，本由法国贵族创建，后经多个家族转手。不得不提的是罗斯柴尔德家族从1868年经营至今，这让拉菲酒从平凡重新达到巅峰。
酒庄特色：低调是拉菲堡的最大特色，就像一座与世隔绝的村庄，到处弥漫着神秘的气氛。虽然接待着来自世界各地的访客，但其始终保持着原有的设施和装潢，仿佛一个保存完美的古董一样。拉菲堡出品的葡萄酒也秉承了其酒庄的气质，华丽的低调高雅严肃，就像个极致大方的贵族。
酿酒工艺： 拉菲酒庄还是采用木造的酒槽酿酒，通常是一星期的发酵加上两星期的泡皮，酿造方法相当简单，是传统的波尔多酿法。
酿造完成的葡萄酒放入全新的橡木桶，在里卡多·博菲尔设计的圆形地下酒窖内进行一年半到两年的培养。
特别精选葡萄酒是拉菲酒庄进入上世纪九十年代后用来提高品质的主要方法。无论年份好坏，每年仅有三分之一以内的酒得以选为拉菲正牌，其余酿成二军酒“卡律阿德斯”。
拉菲从1874年就开始生产二军酒，是波尔多最早推出二军酒的酒庄之一。
Chateau Lafite Rothschild
Chateau lafite, located in the medoc region of bordeaux, was rated as a top winery in 1855. It has a history of hundreds of years.It must be said that the rothschild family, which has been in business since 1868, has brought lafite back from its humble beginnings.
Chateau features: low key is the main feature of chateau lafite, an isolated village full of mystery.Although it receives visitors from all over the world, it maintains its original facilities and decoration as if it were a perfectly preserved antique.Lafite chateau wine also inherited its winery temperament, gorgeous low-key elegant serious, like an extreme generous noble.
Winemaking: chateau lafite still makes its wine in wooden casks, usually with a week's fermentation and two weeks' soaking. The brewing method is fairly simple and traditional in bordeaux.
The finished wine is placed in new oak barrels and cultured for one and a half to two years in a circular underground cellar designed by ricardo boffin.
Specially selected wines have been the main method used by chateau lafite to improve its quality since the 1990s.No matter how good or bad the year, only a third of the wines are selected for lafite, and the rest are made into the "charioteers".
Lafite, which has been producing second army wines since 1874, is one of the first chateaux in bordeaux to produce second army wines.
拉图城堡
拉图酒庄位于波尔多波伊雅克村庄的南部一个地势较高的碎石河岸上。1855年，经分级制度被定级为顶级一等的酒庄。这座由英国人在15世纪建成的城堡，在16世纪开拓为葡萄园。经历了几百年的转手拍卖瓜分，最终由法国春天百货的老板拥有。
酒庄特色：这里的让梅洛与赤霞珠在难以生长的情况下，长出含有特别多单宁的葡萄，生产全波尔多最雄壮的红酒。所以拉图的酒一贯酒体强劲，即使换了无数任的庄主，酒品依旧不变。
酿酒工艺：拉图酒庄采用波尔多传统的Guyot Double剪枝法，每侧主枝留3个芽以控制产量。到了6月份，还要进行疏果。在葡萄收获的时候，人工将新老植株分开采摘，按照质量不同而分别存放和处理，质量差的葡萄干脆就淘汰不要了。
随后要经过5周的发酵，18个月的陈酿，2个月进行装瓶，几个月进行分销，2年半的时间过去了，消费者才能买到拉图酒庄的美酒。
Chateau Latour
Chateau latour is located on a higher gravel bank in the southern part of the bordeaux village of poijac.In 1855, it was rated as a first-class winery by the grading system.The castle, built by the British in the 15th century, was opened up as a vineyard in the 16th century.After hundreds of years of auctions, it was finally owned by the boss of printemps.
Winery features: the merlot and cabernet sauvignon produce the strongest wines in bordeaux, producing grapes with extra tannins even when it is difficult to grow.So latour wines have always been strong, even after countless owners.
Wine-making technique: chateau latour adopts the traditional bordeaux Guyot Double pruning method, with 3 buds on each main branch to control the yield.To June, but also to thin fruit.At the time of grape harvest, the new and old plants are picked separately and stored and treated separately according to different qualities. The poor grapes are simply eliminated.
It then goes through five weeks of fermentation, 18 months of aging, two months of bottling, a few months of distribution, and two and a half years before consumers can get their hands on chateau latour.
玛歌酒庄
法国葡萄酒五大名庄之一，由Pierre de Lestonnac于1590年建园。
现任玛歌酒庄的女主人是科丽娜·门采尔普洛斯。1977年，她的父亲买了这个庄园，自此玛歌酒庄进入了它历史中最辉煌的时期。
酒庄特色：身为一级酒庄，玛歌几乎成了全村的焦点，特别是城堡的建筑本身，正好贴切地表现了梅多克红酒的精神：19世纪初新古典主义风格的建筑，四根高耸的爱欧尼亚式列柱、简洁厚重的柱顶盘与三角楣、24阶的石梯与左右对称的两座人面狮身像，搭建起城堡的正面。
酿酒工艺：酒庄原有个19世纪建造的老酒窖，在1982年又建设了新酒窖，酒窖里面常年保持温度在13-15度之间，安放着26000个橡木桶。
酒庄还自己生产橡木桶，每年采用30%自己生产的桶，而正牌酒全部采用新桶。玛歌酒庄是比较恪守传统的酒庄，发酵全部采用木桶发酵罐发酵，大部分采用人工操作，连发酵温控都是人工控制，而仍然采用蛋清在桶里沉淀的传统工艺。
玛歌酒庄葡萄酒是波尔多的代表，细致、温柔、幽雅，单宁中庸。
Chateau Margaux
One of the top five French wine chateaux, founded in 1590 by Pierre DE Lestonnac.
The current hostess of chateau margaux is corina menzolpoulos.When her father bought the estate in 1977, chateau margaux entered its greatest period.
Chateau features: as a level 1 winery, margaux almost became the focus of the whole village, especially the construction of the castle itself, just well to express the spirit of the medoc wine: in the early 19th century neoclassicism style of architecture, four pillar of towering love ou Virginia type column, concise heavy capital and triangle lintel, 24 steps and two lion face like left and right sides is symmetrical, set up the front of the castle.
Winemaking: the winery has an old 19th century cellar, but in 1982 it added a new one, which keeps the temperature between 13 and 15 degrees and houses 26,000 oak barrels.
The winery also produces its own oak barrels, using 30% of its own barrels each year, while the original wines all use new barrels.Chateau margaux is a traditional winery that strictly abides by tradition. All the fermentation is done in wooden barrels, and most of the fermentation is done manually. Even the temperature control of fermentation is artificially controlled, while the traditional process of egg white precipitation in barrels is still adopted.
Chateau margaux is the representative of bordeaux. It is delicate, gentle and elegant with moderate tannins.
侯伯王酒庄
位于吉伦特河左岸的PessacLeognan地区，是波尔多最古老的酒庄，始建于1525年，由法国贵族蓬塔家族所有。奥比昂是第一个使用自己酒庄名称而非以散酒形式出售的酒庄，在波尔多，是第一家拥有自己“品牌”的葡萄酒庄。
酒庄特点：奥比昂经常是全波尔多最早成熟的葡萄园，经常在法定采收日之前就破例开采。
除了早熟，也因为梅洛葡萄的含量特别高，让奥比昂的红酒经常比梅多克的一级酒庄来的圆润可口。
酿酒工艺：酿酒窖是葡萄酒酿造艺术的核心地点，过去的酿酒槽均以木头制成，奥比昂酒庄则是第一个在1961年采用不锈钢酿酒槽的酒厂。
Chateau Haut-Brion
Located on the left bank of the gironde river, PessacLeognan is the oldest chateau in bordeaux, founded in 1525 and owned by the French aristocrat ponta family.Obian was the first to sell under its own name rather than as a free wine, and the first in bordeaux to have its own "brand".
Chateau features: obian is often the most mature vineyard in bordeaux, often being mined before the official harvest date.
In addition to its early maturity, the high content of merlot grapes means that obian wines are often rounder and tastier than medoc's first-grade wines.
Winemaking process: wine cellar is the art of wine brewing core location, past brew chamfer with wood, obi-wan Ann winery is the first winery in 1961 stainless steel brew chamfer.
木桐酒庄
木桐酒庄位于法国梅多克地区的Pauillac。
1855年被评为波尔多第二等酒庄，在老庄主菲利普·德·罗斯乔德男爵坚持不懈的发展经营下，成为唯一一家从二等酒庄升级为第一等的酒庄。
酒庄特点：木桐最为人知的创举是酒标与艺术作品的结合，每年的标签都由一个当时有名的艺术家设计。
在1946年，这些由世界上伟大画家和雕塑家们设计的酒标，变成了木桐酒庄一个永久和有特色性的走向。
Chateau Mouton Rothschild
Chateau mouton rothschild is located in Pauillac, medoc, France.
In 1855, it was rated as the second-class chateau in bordeaux. Under the persistent development and management of its owner, baron philippe DE rossjoad, it became the only chateau to upgrade from the second-class chateau to the first.
Winery features: mouton rothschild is best known for its combination of wine label and artwork. Each year the label is designed by a famous artist of the time.
In 1946, these labels, designed by the great painters and sculptors of the world, became a permanent and distinctive trend of chateau mouton rothschild.
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