
先把Discussion部分抽出来讲一下,因为它最重要,也最难写,即使是对一些发了很多文章的老教授来说,这部分仍然是块硬骨头,尤其是toppaper。虽然从一个论文的真正价值角度来讲结果部分是最重要的,但这部分写起来相对比较容易,有模式可走。
首先不要过多重复结果。Discussion 不能过多地罗列和重复结果部分的内容,这是常犯的错误,因为感觉没什么可写的,就重复结果来充数。讨论部分可以就你的实验结果论述与你的结果密切相关的研究现状存在的一系列问题,你的工作是解决的哪一部分问题。

讨论中延伸的本质是展示自己,要让同行了解你对这个领域中全局的了解,一般来说一个研究不可能面面俱到,如果是短期效应,就要谈谈长期效应,如果对一个器官有效应,可以讨论其他器官,可以对比其他学者的工作,比较相同点、自己的特色和区别。
其次要进行延伸。关键是提供很多结果部分不能体现的信息,如你的工作的长期效应、潜在效应、与他人工作的比较,相同之处、不同之处、你的优势和特色。最后尽量不要忽视自己研究存在的不足。你的结果存在的问题、局限性及其原因、将来可以改进的地方等等。
下面再和大家分享各部分该怎么写怎么翻译:
1.Abstract
整体要求简练,言简意赅,因为绝大部分journal对Abstract都有字数限制,一般150~250 words. 先简单描述一下自己工作的前沿背景,几句话,然后引出自己的实验(“In this paper...”; “Herein...” or “Here, we...”),主要陈述实验结果,可稍带提一下所用到的重要方法的名称,然后说明你的结果的意义“These data suggest...”;最后总结拔高“In a word,...”or “In summary,...”.
2.Introduction
描述跟你的实验相关的领域研究现状及存在的问题,自然的过度到你实验的意义和重要性。“Although..., there are still... so far”“Here,forthe first time, we have used...”。如果你前面已发过相关的文章,要插入引用一下“Werecently showed that...”或“Our previousstudies haveshown that.... These results verify that...”“Here...”“ To explore this hypothesis, wegenerated...”.写好Introduction需要有大量的参考文献做基础,摘取短语、词组、句子进行reorganize。调节好前后句子的逻辑顺序及衔接。
3.Materials and Methods
这部分可以从别的文章摘到现成的方法描述,加以改造,替换成自己的实验条件,变成自己的表达方式,近几年journal对抄袭句子的现象抓得特别严,多注意。太复杂的经典方法,可以简单描述后加上参考文献“Briefly, ... [ref]”;也可以直接引用参考文献“The...methodwasperformed as described previously [ref]”.
4.Results
这一部分很重要。要按照一定的逻辑顺序进行organize,结果描述要准确、专业,一些重要的数据可以放在结果部分的文字描述中,如IC50、EC50、抑制百分率、P值等等。这部分不能像Introduction那样写太多的理论性的东西。每段的开头或一些连接的地方可以简单地用一些理论性的或总结性的句子。在陈述你的实验操作和看到的结果和表面现象时用过去时态,陈述不以人的意志为转移的规律、结论性的内容时用一般现在时。一些常用的短语及句式有:
“In order to prove..., we used...”;
“We haveset up...”;
“Todemonstrate..., we further...”;
“Consistently/Consistentwith...”;
“Comparedwith...”;
“Thus,at current time, we have evidence that...”;
“We nextcharacterized...”;
“Wefound that...”;
“We havenoticed that...”;
“It’s known that...”;
“So weintroduced... In our study...”;
“Incontrast...”;
“Thesedata suggest that...”;
“So wenext explored...”;
“Notably,...”;
“Importantly,...”;
“Furthermore...”;
“Moreover...”;
“We havepreviously shown that...”;
“Asshown in Fig. 1, ...”;
“Fig. 1shows...”;
“Overall,...”;
“Takentogether, these results suggest...”;
“Thesedata are consistent with the notion that...”;
“Next,we examined the effect of...”;
“We nextset out to determine whether...”;
“Lastly,we examined...”;
“Inorder to establish...”.
5.Discussion
讨论开始,可以开门见山:“Here, we describe....”或“In this paper,weshow that....
Importantly,..., suggesting...”
下面是一些常用的短语和句式:
“Overall, our studiesestablish the...”;
“Althoughthere are important discoveries revealed by these studies,there are alsolimitations. First, ...;Second, ...; Third, ...;Fourth, ...;Last, ...Overall, ...”;
“Furthermore,our results suggest that...”;
“Ourresults suggest a possibility of...”;
“Oneimportant future direction of ...is...”;
“To this end, we show that...”;
“However,none of these approaches to date holds the...”;
“Ourstudies serve as a proof-of-concept that...”;
“Thiscould explain why...”;
“Alternatively,... may be operative...”;
“Thus,future iterations of ... may in fact demonstrate even greaterpotency.”;
“On theother hand, the lack of...”;
“Insummary, we have identified...”;
“Ourresults confirm that...”;
“Thesestudies thus offer a new strategy to treat...”
6.Acknowledgements
这一部分主要感谢技术服务及写作指导的。
长按图片关注更多资讯!

