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清朝灭亡之后，一九一二年四月袁世凯出任大总统。北洋政府鉴于当时铸币、纸币十分复杂，流通的中外货币在百种以上，规格不一，流通混乱，折算繁琐，民众积怨，同时也想借助货币改制以解决军费问题，便决定铸发国币。袁世凯为了提高自己的统治地位，把他的头像铸于币面，“袁大头”由此而来。袁大头是对铸造于民国初年镌有袁世凯侧面头像壹圆银币的一种俗称，因其首铸于民国三年,又有称“民三”者，此类別称由来已久。作为民国军阀银币的领头羊，袁大头的诞生，也是银元发展的必然结果。本文主要介绍一枚民国三年袁大头。

After the collapse of the Qing Dynasty, Yuan Shikai became President in April 1912. In view of the complexity of coinage and banknotes, the current Chinese and foreign currencies were more than 100 kinds, with different specifications, confused circulation, cumbersome conversion, and people's complaints. At the same time, the Beiyang government decided to use currency restructuring to solve the military expenditure problem, so it decided to coin the national currency. In order to improve his dominant position, Yuan Shikai cast his head on the face of the coin, from which "Yuan Datou" came. Yuan Datou is a common name for a silver coin with Yuan Shikai's side portrait in the early years of the Republic of China. Because it was first cast in the three years of the Republic of China, it is also known as the "Three Mins", this kind of nickname has a long history. As the leader of the warlords'silver coins in the Republic of China, the birth of Yuan Datou is also the inevitable result of the development of the silver dollar. This paper mainly introduces a Yuan Datou who lived in the Republic of China for three years.

Yuan Datou in the Three Years of the Republic of China

编号(NO.)：ZLFW（2019）-868-219

此枚民国三年袁大头钱文清晰，保存完好，钱币正面为袁世凯侧面像上环“中华民国三年”字样，“民”字多一点，“年”字后未有“造”字，符合三年版袁大头的形制规范。在袁像右侧刻有一行英文“鲁尔治—乔治”，是在华外籍铸币专家意大利雕刻师鲁尔治乔治的签名缩写。钱币背面铸有嘉禾图案和币值，嘉禾栩栩如生，中间写着“壹圆”二字，周围环嘉禾纹饰，字体劲道，凹凸有致，肩章胸花头发精细，背嘉禾颗粒饱满。这样的三年版英文签字版袁大头存世量稀少，品相完美，蕴藏着丰富的历史元素值得收藏，堪称精品。

The three-year-old Yuan Datou coin in the Republic of China is clear and well-preserved. The front of the coin is Yuan Shikai's side like the word "three years of the Republic of China" in the upper ring. The word "people" is a little more. There is no word "made" after the word "year", which conforms to the three-year edition of Yuan Datou's formal norms. On the right side of the statue, there is a line of English "Rurgi-George", which is the abbreviation of the signature of the Italian sculptor Rurgi George, a foreign coin expert in China. On the back of the coin, there are Jiahe patterns and currency values. Jiahe is lifelike, with the word "one circle" written in the middle, surrounded by Jiahe decoration, strong font, concave and convex, fine shoulder brassiere and hair, and full back Jiahe particles. Such a three-year English Signature Edition of Yuan Datou is rare in stock and perfect in appearance. It contains rich historical elements and is worth collecting.

Since the reform and opening up, the depth and breadth of coin collection and research in China have exceeded any period in history. Coin collectors have been found all over the country in urban and rural areas. The rare historical coins scattered among the people have been discovered continuously, including the emergence of fine silver coins. Yuan Datou is the most popular and influential silver coin among nearly 1000 kinds of modern silver coins in China. It is also an important role in the reform of modern Chinese currency system. In the three years of the Republic of China, Yuan Datou, the English signature edition, is particularly popular with collectors. Because the signature edition has not been officially circulated, it has not survived much, has a very high historical and academic value, and has a considerable market value.