东方雅韵，匠心传承 精品瓷器共赏（三十四）

定窑为宋代六大窑系之一，窑址在今河北省保定市曲阳涧滋村及东西燕村，宋代属定州，故名定窑。创烧于唐，极盛于北宋及金，终于元，以产白瓷着称。定窑在唐代时就已是著名瓷场，专烧白釉。到宋代发展迅速，比之前更大更有名，大量烧制白瓷。定窑创烧于唐朝后期，从这时一直到五代的定窑瓷器，还较为粗糙简单，正处于向精瓷的过渡阶段。北宋是定窑发展的鼎盛时期，北宋中后期，定窑由于瓷质精良、色泽淡雅，纹饰秀美，被宋朝政府选为宫廷用瓷，使其身价大增，产品风靡一时。本文主要介绍一件元代定窑美人瓶。

Ding kiln is one of the six major kilns in Song Dynasty. The kiln is located in Jianzi Village, Quyang City, Baoding City, Hebei Province, and East-West Yancun. It belongs to Dingzhou in Song Dynasty, so it is named Ding kiln. Founded in Tang Dynasty, flourished in Northern Song Dynasty and Jin Dynasty, and finally in Yuan Dynasty, it is famous for producing white porcelain. Ding Kiln was already a famous ceramics factory in Tang Dynasty, specializing in firing white glaze. By the Song Dynasty, it developed rapidly, was bigger and more famous than before, and fired white porcelain in large quantities. Ding kiln was created and burned in the late Tang Dynasty. From then on till the Fifth Dynasty, Ding kiln porcelain was relatively rough and simple, and was in the transition to fine porcelain. The Northern Song Dynasty was the heyday of Ding Kiln's development. In the middle and later period of the Northern Song Dynasty, Ding Kiln was selected as court porcelain by the Song government because of its fine quality, elegant color and beautiful decoration, which greatly increased its price and made its products popular. This paper mainly introduces a beauty bottle of Dingyao in Yuan Dynasty.

Beauty Bottle of Dingyao in Yuan Dynasty

重(W)：723g 口径（CAL）：3cm 高（H）：28.7cm

编号(NO.)：ZLFW（2019）-868-014

此件元代定窑美人瓶器型规整，白瓷胎土细腻，胎质薄而有轻，胎色白色微黄，较坚致，不太透明，釉呈米色，施釉极薄，可以见胎。釉色纯白滋润，洁白晶莹，釉为白玻璃质釉，略带粉质，因此称为粉定，亦称白定。装饰技法为白釉刻花，瓶身刻有腾龙图案，龙背为绿，龙腹为黄，龙鳞为红，龙头高昂，龙目聚光有神，龙口大开气势威严，龙爪向外苍劲有力，龙身鳞片厚实坚硬片片相连。在器物外壁薄釉的地方能看出胎上的旋坯痕，俗称“竹丝刷纹”，瓶底落款为“易定”二字。

This beautiful woman bottle of Ding Kiln in Yuan Dynasty is regular in shape. The white porcelain is delicate, the fetus is thin and light. The fetus is white, yellowish, firm and not transparent. The glaze is beige, and the glaze is very thin. The fetus can be seen. The glaze is pure white and moist, white and crystal. The glaze is white glassy glaze with slight powder, so it is called pink, also known as white. Decoration techniques are white glaze engraving, the bottle body engraved with a Tenglong pattern, the back of the dragon is green, the belly of the dragon is yellow, the scale of the dragon is red, the head is high, the eyes of the dragon are focused, the mouth of the dragon is magnificent, the claws are vigorous and powerful, and the scales of the dragon body are thick and hard. Rotary billet marks on the tire can be seen in the thin glaze on the outer wall of the utensils, commonly known as "bamboo wire brush pattern", and the word "easy to set" at the bottom of the bottle.

此件元代定窑美人瓶为“易定”款，刻花工艺，流畅自如，曲线有致，双刀双线纹饰。典型作品龙纹，龙嘴两侧呈双线龙须，龙尾飘动的五条双线尾纹，使人叫绝。瓷的龙纹，为创新的典范，龙身以蛇身为长体，改变了以前的兽身，奠定了后朝的龙形，龙身以鱼鳞代替了之前的网纹，实物上的纹饰看龙体大多为直立弯曲的形态。此件元代定窑美人瓶历经沧桑，能保存完好并流传至今，实属不易，极具艺术价值和历史价值。

This Yuan Dynasty Ding Kiln Beauty Vase is "Yi Ding" style, carving process, smooth, curved, double knife and double line decoration. Typical works of dragon pattern, dragon mouth on both sides of a double-line beard, dragon tail fluttering five double-line tail pattern, make people exclaim. The dragon pattern of porcelain is a model of innovation. The dragon body takes the snake body as its long body, which changes the previous animal body and lays the dragon shape of the later dynasty. The dragon body replaces the previous net pattern with fish scales. The dragon body is mostly vertical and curved in physical decoration. This beauty bottle of Ding Kiln in Yuan Dynasty has gone through vicissitudes of life and can be well preserved and circulated to this day. It is not easy, and has great artistic and historical value.

征集范围