辛亥革命后，民国成立，光复的17省代表在南京推选孙中山为中华民国临时大总统。由于当时局势混乱，币制尚未建立，除四川改铸大汉银币，福建改铸中华元宝外，主要的造币厂，大都仍沿用前清钢模铸造银币，以供流通需要。由于币制混乱，临时政府财政部长陈锦涛，于民国元年3月11日呈文大总统孙中山，鼓铸10万元纪念银币以为整顿。后因袁世凯夺取政权，当选为首任中华民国大总统，为了巩固国内政局稳定，发展民族经济，也为“制宪”和“称帝”作准备，于是发布《国币条例》，毅然决定在全国“统一币制”，先后由造币总厂及江南造币厂开铸银币，俗称“袁大头”。本文主要介绍一枚孙中山开国纪念币和一枚民国三年袁大头。
After the Revolution of 1911, the Republic of China was founded. Representatives of 17 rehabilitated provinces elected Sun Yat-sen as the interim president of the Republic of China in Nanjing. Because of the chaotic situation at that time, the currency system had not yet been established. Apart from Sichuan and Fujian, the main coin factories still used the former Qing steel mould to cast silver coins for circulation. Due to currency confusion, Chen Jintao, Minister of Finance of the Interim Government, presented to Sun Yat-sen, President of Wenda, on March 11, the first year of the Republic of China, to coin 100,000 yuan of commemorative silver coins for rectification. After Yuan Shikai seized power, he was elected as the first president of the Republic of China. In order to consolidate domestic political stability, develop national economy, and prepare for "constitution-making" and "emperor-calling", he promulgated the "National Monetary Regulations" and resolutely decided to "unify the monetary system" throughout the country, and successively minted silver coins by the General Mint and the Jiangnan Mint, commonly known as "Yuan Datou". This paper mainly introduces a commemorative coin of Sun Yat-sen's founding and a Yuan Datou in the three years of the Republic of China.
孙中山开国纪念币，民国三年袁大头
Sun Yat-sen's Founding Commemorative Coin,
Yuan Datou in the Three Years of the Republic of China
重(W)：27g 直径(D)：38.95mm
重(W)：26.7g 直径(D)：39.10mm
编号(NO.)：ZLFW（2019）-868-061
此枚孙中山开国纪念币，品相完好，古旧自然。钱币正面珠圈内铸孙中山侧面肖像，上环中文繁体“中华民国”，下环中文繁体“开国纪念币”，珠圈左右为长枝花饰。钱币背面珠圈内铸嘉禾图案和币值，两条嘉禾左右交互，下系结带。中央为中文“壹圆”二字，珠圈外上环为英文“纪念品”，下环英文“中华民国”。此枚民国三年袁大头，包浆圆润，立体感强。钱币正面为袁世凯侧面像，上环“中华民国三年”六字，“民”字中多一点，年后没有“造”字。钱币背面为嘉禾图案和币值，两株嘉禾交叉，中央铸“壹圆”字样。两枚钱币保存较好，其色泽自然，不论是文字还是图案，都显得自然细腻，深浅合适。
This commemorative coin of Sun Yat-sen's founding is of good quality and natural antiquity. Sun Yat-sen's side portrait is cast in the bead circle on the front of the coin, the traditional Chinese form of the Republic of China in the upper ring, and the traditional Chinese form of the founding commemorative coin in the lower ring. The bead circle is decorated with long branches around it. In the bead circle on the back of the coin, Jiahe pattern and currency value are cast. The two Jiahe alternate left and right, and the lower Jiahe band is tied. The central part is the word "one circle" in Chinese, the outer ring of the bead ring is the English "souvenir" and the lower ring is the English "Republic of China". This three-year-old Yuan Datou from the Republic of China has round pulp and strong three-dimensional sense. The front of the coin is a profile of Yuan Shikai, with the six characters of "three years of the Republic of China" in the upper ring and more words of "people" in the upper ring. On the back of the coin is the Jiahe pattern and currency value. The two Jiahe trees intersect, and the central part is coined with the word "one circle". The two coins are well preserved and have natural colour and lustre. They are both natural and delicate, with appropriate depth.
此枚孙中山开国纪念币和民国三年袁大头皆由银材质铸造，材质珍贵，艺术价值高，制作精美，图案考究，文字清秀，具有一定的保值和升值功能。两枚钱币皆为民国时期发行流通，是我国特殊时期的特殊产物，一方面离不开当时的发行背景。为了解决当时社会的货币问题，中国封建制度刚被推翻，流通市场中充斥着各种各样的货币，市场显得混乱而繁琐，孙中山开国纪念币和民国三年袁大头的出现解决了所有的困难，在短时间内稳定了社会经济，起到不可忽视的效果，同时代表了中国近代的货币文化，反映了我国近代历史、经济、金融的兴衰和沧桑，具有很高的艺术观赏价值和文物价值，也具有一定的保值和升值功能。目前民间留存的孙中山开国纪念币和民国三年袁大头数量已经不算太多，而且银属于贵金属，收藏风险较小，非常适合投资和收藏。
This commemorative coin of Sun Yat-sen's founding and Yuan Datou in the three years of the Republic of China are all made of silver. It has precious material, high artistic value, exquisite production, elegant design and beautiful writing. It has certain function of preservation and appreciation. Both coins were issued and circulated during the period of the Republic of China. They were special products of the special period of our country. On the one hand, they could not be separated from the background of issuance at that time. In order to solve the monetary problems of the society at that time, China's feudal system had just been overthrown, and the circulation market was full of various currencies. The market was chaotic and cumbersome. The emergence of Sun Yat-sen's commemorative coin and Yuan Datou in the three years of the founding of the Republic of China solved all the difficulties, stabilized the social economy in a short time and played an important role. The effect also represents the monetary culture of modern China, reflects the rise and fall of modern history, economy and finance, has high artistic and cultural value, and has a certain function of preservation and appreciation. At present, the number of Sun Yat-sen commemorative coins and Yuan Datou in the three years of the founding of the People's Republic of China is not too much, and silver belongs to precious metals, and the risk of collection is small, so it is very suitable for investment and collection.
英国圣保罗国际拍卖有限公司创立于英国伦敦,由于英国属于世界英语系主要国家,具备国际资本流通的优势, 同时伦敦也一直稳居欧洲最大的金融中心城市地位。利用国际化的拍卖平台、全球化的买家资源,将为中国艺术品藏家提供一流的服务。
Sao Paulo International Auction Co., Ltd. was founded in London, UK. As the UK is a major English-speaking country in the world, it has the advantage of international capital circulation. At the same time, London has been the largest financial center in Europe. The use of international auction platform and global buyers'resources will provide first-class services for Chinese art collectors.
英国伦敦韦尔斯国际拍卖有限公司，成立于寅虎年，其创始人哈里·凯恩出自克里斯蒂门下，2004年11月被英国财团出资9000万英镑并购，并入全球最大的奢侈品集团门下。现已和佳士得、苏富比并列成为全球拍卖界的三巨头之一。
London Wells International Auction Co., Ltd. was founded in the year of Yinhu. Its founder, Harry Kane, came from Christie's door. In November 2004, he was merged by British consortium with 90 million pounds and merged into the world's largest luxury group. Now it has become one of the three giants in the global auction industry alongside Christie's and Sotheby's.
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