东方雅韵，匠心传承 精品瓷器共赏（三十三）

钧瓷的烧造虽始于北宋，但钧窑之形成一个窑系，主要在元代。所以说元钧瓷是在宋、金的基础上，逐步往前发展，是钧窑瓷器的复苏发展时期，在我国陶瓷史上有着重要的地位。而元代的钧窑炉数量之庞大以千计，并且窑场主要分布在北方， 以河南禹县为代表的钧窑系，由神垕镇为中心，由南向北逐步发展，从河南到河北再到山西更远至内蒙等四省二十七个县都有争相制作、仿制，把宋、金时期的窑场绝大多数恢复并且有了更大的发展。本文主要介绍一件元代钧瓷短流壶。

Although the firing of Jun porcelain began in the Northern Song Dynasty, Jun kiln formed a kiln system, mainly in the Yuan Dynasty. Therefore, Yuanjun Porcelain was developed step by step on the basis of Song and Jin Dynasties. It was a period of revival and development of Jun Kiln Porcelain and played an important role in the history of China's ceramics. The number of Jun kilns in Yuan Dynasty was thousands of records, and the kilns were mainly distributed in the north. The Jun kiln system represented by Yuxian County in Henan Province was gradually developed from Shenqi Town to the north, from south to north, from Henan to Hebei and further to Shanxi to Inner Mongolia. Twenty-seven counties in four provinces competed to produce and imitate the kilns, restoring the vast majority of the kilns in Song and Jin Dynasties and making greater development. This paper mainly introduces a Jun Porcelain Short Flow Pot in Yuan Dynasty.

Jun Porcelain Short Flow Pot in Yuan Dynasty

重(W)：654.9g 口径（CAL）：5.8cm 高（H）：18.5cm

编号(NO.)：ZLFW（2019）-868-014

此件元代钧瓷短流壶施釉不到底，圈足内外无釉，釉层光润，釉色自然，釉汁光泽莹润，显示出元钧瓷的特殊魅力，同时，这也呈现出，当时上流社会的时尚和统治者的审美的反映。此件元代钧瓷短流壶釉色为乳光蓝釉，乳光蓝釉是靠釉中的液滴状分散相对短波蓝光的散射作用而呈色的。突破了单色的范围，巧妙地利用化学反应的作用，通过烧成其间氧化焰和还原焰的相互转化。其造型古朴端庄，器型规整，胎壁厚薄匀称，制瓷工匠合理地利用各种原料制坯，基本上掌握了原料的烧缩性能，再加上高超的成型工艺，所制器皿规格统一，尺寸一致。

This short-flowing pot of Jun Porcelain in Yuan Dynasty has no bottom glaze, no glaze inside and outside, smooth glaze layer, natural glaze color and lustrous glaze juice. It shows the special charm of Jun Porcelain in Yuan Dynasty. At the same time, it also shows the fashion of the upper society at that time and the aesthetic reflection of the rulers. The glaze of Jun short-flow pot in Yuan Dynasty is opalescent blue glaze. The opalescent blue glaze is colored by the scattering of liquid droplets in the glaze relative to the short-wave blue light. It breaks through the scope of monochrome and ingeniously uses the action of chemical reaction to transform the oxidation flame and reduction flame during firing. Its shape is simple and dignified, the shape is regular, the thickness of the tire wall is symmetrical, and the ceramic craftsmen make use of various raw materials reasonably to make billets. They have basically mastered the sintering performance of raw materials, together with the superb forming technology, the specifications of the produced utensils are uniform and the size is the same.

元代是我国陶瓷发展史上的重要时期，元代钧瓷无论是在工艺上、还是在窑炉和原料加工设备上都有所更新，并且使得南北技艺相互交融，促进了陶瓷的发展。宋迁都杭州后，北方工匠的南迁，带来了北方制瓷的精湛技艺并与当地陶瓷工艺二者结合之后，创造出了更好更新的产品。南北相互交流技艺，促进了钧瓷文化的发展，也使得南北方的技艺、风俗、审美和文化可以互相取长补短进行更好的结合。此件元代钧瓷短流壶，具有极高的收藏价值及观赏性，是一件不可多得的珍品。

The Yuan Dynasty is an important period in the development history of China's ceramics. Jun Porcelain in the Yuan Dynasty has been updated in technology, kilns and raw material processing equipment. It also makes the North and South skills blend with each other and promotes the development of ceramics.After the Song Dynasty moved to Hangzhou, the northern craftsmen moved to the south, bringing the exquisite skills of making porcelain in the north and combining them with the local ceramic craftsmanship, they created better and newer products. The exchange of skills between the North and the South has promoted the development of Jun Porcelain culture, and also made the skills, customs, aesthetics and culture of the North and the South better integrate each other. This short-flowing jug of Jun porcelain in Yuan Dynasty has very high collection value and ornamental value. It is a rare treasure.

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