My name is Roland Fasol. I am Chief Medical Officer of this fantastic new private Guangzhou R&F international hospital in affiliation with UCLA Health here in the Greater Bay Area.
I am a Cardiac surgeon，originally coming from Vienna Austria.
大家好！我是罗兰夫。我是⼴州富⼒医院的⾸席医疗官，这是一所与加州大学洛杉矶分校医疗中心合作的国际医院，坐落于粤港澳大湾区。
我是⼀名⼼脏外科医⽣，来⾃奥地利维也纳。
Just now, since the start of this COVID pandemic, hygiene and specially also hand hygiene became in bag into the center of attention.
Do you know when people started to get aware of the importance of washing hands and disinfecting?
⾃从新冠肺炎疫情爆发以来，卫⽣，特别是⼿卫⽣，又成为⼈们关注的焦点。
你知道人们是什么时候开始意识到洗手消毒的重要性的吗？
Ignaz Semmelweis
Ignaz Semmelweis, a Hungarian doctor working in Vienna General Hospital, is known as the father of hand hygiene.
这是伊格纳兹·塞梅尔维斯，他是在维也纳总医院⼯作的一名匈⽛利医⽣，他被誉为“⼿卫⽣之⽗”。
In 1846, Semmelweis noticed that the women giving birth in the medical student/doctor-run maternity ward in his hospital were much more likely to develop a fever and die from infections compared to the women giving birth in the adjacent midwife-run maternity ward.
He decided to investigate, seeking the differences between the two wards.
1846 年，塞梅尔维斯注意到，在他的医院里，与助产⼠负责的产科病房分娩的⼥性相⽐，在医学⽣、医⽣负责的产科病房分娩的⼥性更容易发烧和死于感染。
他决定进⾏调查，寻找两个病房之间的差异。
He noticed that doctors and medical students often visited the maternity ward directly after performing an autopsy. And not washing or disinfecting their hands. Midwives did not conduct surgery or autopsies.
他注意到，医⽣和医学⽣经常在进⾏手术或⼫检后直接到产科病房查房，并且不进行洗⼿或消毒；而助产⼠则不会进⾏⼿术或⼫检。
Based on this observation, Semmelweis imposed a new rule mandating hand washing with chlorine for doctors. The rates of death in his maternity ward fell dramatically. This was the first proof that cleansing hands and hand disinfection could prevent infection. This picture shows the basin for hand washing and disinfection from that time.
有鉴于此，塞梅尔维斯实施了⼀项新规则，要求医⽣使⽤氯洗⼿。在这之后，产科病房的死亡率急剧下降。这是第⼀个证明洗⼿消毒可以预防感染的证据。
However, the innovation was not popular with everyone: some doctors were angry that Semmelweis was implying that they were to blame for the deaths. They stopped washing their hands, arguing that water was the potential cause of disease.
然⽽，这项创举并没有被所有人接受：⼀些医⽣为此很⽣⽓，他们觉得塞梅尔维斯在暗⽰他们应该为产妇的死亡负责。这些医生停⽌洗⼿，认为⽔是疾病的潜在原因。
Finally Semmelweis was fired and lost his job as a doctor.
Johann von Chiari
He was fired by the head of department - his name was Prof Johann von Chiari. I must say that Prof Chiari was my grand-grand-father and this was not really a good thing he did.
最终，塞梅尔维斯被解雇，甚至不能再从事医生的工作。
解雇他的科室主任是约翰·冯·基亚⾥教授，我不得不承认基亚里教授是我的曾曾祖父，这事他干得可真不地道。
Florence Nightingale
But Semmelweis succeeded, and also with Florence Nightingale a new handwashing champion helped to achieve the success of reduction in infections by the importance of consequent hand hygiene.
塞梅尔维斯是正确的。⽽后，弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔成为新一代洗手推广大使，通过宣传⼿卫⽣的重要性，有效降低了感染，取得了巨大成功。
And this photo shows the monument in Vienna, built to remember his importance for modern medicine.
And today, there is no discussion how important a good hand hygiene is to prevent infections and fight the spread of COVID.
这是位于维也纳的纪念碑，为了纪念手卫生对现代医学的重要性。
时至今日，手部卫生对于预防感染、对抗新冠肺炎病毒传播的作用都毋庸置疑。
So wash your hands, disinfect your hands - protect yourself and others.
About the Author
作者介绍
Dr. Roland Fasol
罗兰夫医生 医学博士
德国弗赖堡大学 博士后导师 特许任教资格
