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牛逼的人,很早就开始牛逼了

牛逼的人,很早就开始牛逼了 广州化工城最新消息
2020-07-17
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导读:来源:拾遗(ID:shiyi201633)169. Don't let yesterday use up t


来源:拾遗(ID:shiyi201633)





169. Don't let yesterday use up too much of today. 别留念昨天了,把握好今天吧。(Will Rogers) 170. If you are not brave enough, no one will back you up. 你不勇敢,没人替你坚强。171. If you don't build your dream, someone will hire you to build theirs. 如果你没有梦想,那么你只能为别人的梦想打工。172. Beauty is all around, if you just open your heart to see. 只要你给自己机会,你会发现你的世界可以很美丽。173. The difference in winning and losing is most often...not quitting. 赢与输的差别通常是--不放弃。(华特·迪士尼) 174. I am ordinary yet unique. 我很平凡,但我独一无二。175. I like people who make me laugh in spite of myself. 我喜欢那些让我笑起来的人,就算是我不想笑的时候。176. Image a new story for your life and start living it. 为你的生命想一个全新剧本,并去倾情出演吧!177. I'd rather be a happy fool than a sad sage. 做个悲伤的智者,不如做个开心的傻子。178. The future belongs to those who believe in the beauty of their dreams. 未来属于那些相信梦想之美的人。(埃莉诺·罗斯福) 179. Even if you get no applause, you should accept a curtain call gracefully and appreciate your own efforts. 即使没有人为你鼓掌,也要优雅的谢幕,感谢自己的认真付出。180. Don't let dream just be your dream. 别让梦想只停留在梦里。181. A day without laughter is a day wasted. 没有笑声的一天是浪费了的一天。(卓别林) 182. Travel and see the world; afterwards, you will be able to put your concerns in perspective. 去旅行吧,见的世面多了,你会发现原来在意的那些结根本算不了什么。183. The key to acquiring proficiency in any task is repetition. 任何事情成功关键都是熟能生巧。《生活大爆炸》 184. You can be happy no matter what. 开心一点吧,管它会怎样。185. A good plan today is better than a perfect plan tomorrow. 今天的好计划胜过明天的完美计划。186. Nothing is impossible, the word itself says 'I'm possible'! 一切皆有可能!“不可能”的意思是:“不,可能。”(奥黛丽·赫本) 187. Life isn't fair, but no matter your circumstances, you have to give it your all. 生活是不公平的,不管你的境遇如何,你只能全力以赴。188. No matter how hard it is, just keep going because you only fail when you give up. 无论多么艰难,都要继续前进,因为只有你放弃的那一刻,你才输了。     When Paul Jobs was mustered out of the Coast Guard after World War II, he made a wager with his crewmates. They had arrived in San Francisco, where their ship was decommissioned, and Paul bet that he would find himself a wife within two weeks. He was a taut, tattooed engine mechanic, six feet tall, with a passing resemblance to James Dean. But it wasn’t his looks that got him a date with Clara Hagopian, a sweet-humored daughter of Armenian immigrants. It was the fact that he and his friends had a car, unlike the group she had originally planned to go out with that evening. Ten days later, in March 1946, Paul got engaged to Clara and won his wager. It would turn out to be a happy marriage, one that lasted until death parted them more than forty years later. Paul Reinhold Jobs had been raised on a dairy farm in Germantown, Wisconsin. Even though his father was an alcoholic and sometimes abusive, Paul ended up with a gentle and calm disposition under his leathery exterior. After dropping out of high school, he wandered through the Midwest picking up work as a mechanic until, at age nineteen, he joined the Coast Guard, even though he didn’t know how to swim. He was deployed on the USS General M. C. Meigs and spent much of the war ferrying troops to Italy for General Patton. His talent as a machinist and fireman earned him commendations, but he occasionally found himself in minor trouble and never rose above the rank of seaman. Clara was born in New Jersey, where her parents had landed after fleeing the Turks in Armenia, and they moved to the Mission District of San Francisco when she was a child. She had a secret that she rarely mentioned to anyone: She had been married before, but her husband had been killed in the war. So when she met Paul Jobs on that first date, she was primed to start a new life. Clara, however, loved San Francisco, and in 1952 she convinced her husband to move back there. They got an apartment in the Sunset District facing the Pacific, just south of Golden Gate Park, and he took a job working for a finance company as a “repo man,” picking the locks of cars whose owners hadn’t paid their loans and repossessing them. He also bought, repaired, and sold some of the cars, making a decent enough living in the process. There was, however, something missing in their lives. They wanted children, but Clara had suffered an ectopic pregnancy, in which the fertilized egg was implanted in a fallopian tube rather than the uterus, and she had been unable to have any. So by 1955, after nine years of marriage, they were looking to adopt a child. Like Paul Jobs, Joanne Schieble was from a rural Wisconsin family of German heritage. Her father, Arthur Schieble, had immigrated to the outskirts of Green Bay, where he and his wife owned a mink farm and dabbled successfully in various other businesses, including real estate and photoengraving. He was very strict, especially regarding his daughter’s relationships, and he had strongly disapproved of her first love, an artist who was not a Catholic. Thus it was no surprise that he threatened to cut Joanne off completely when, as a graduate student at the University of Wisconsin, she fell in love with Abdulfattah “John” Jandali, a Muslim teaching assistant from Syria. Jandali was the youngest of nine children in a prominent Syrian family. His fat星,使地球处于一个椭圆轨道中运行,并且与太阳保持适当距离,适宜生命繁衍。当土星轨道倾斜20度将使地球轨道比金星轨道更接近太阳,同时,这将导致火星完全离开太阳系。[52]  土星是已知唯一密度小于水的行星,假如能够将土星放入一个巨大的浴池之中,它将可以漂浮起来。土星有一个巨大的磁气圈和一个狂风肆虐的大气层,赤道附近的风速可达1800千米/时。在环绕土星运行的31颗卫星中间,土卫六是最大的一颗,比水星和月球还大,也是太阳系中唯一拥有浓厚大气层的卫星。[53] 天王星是离太阳第七颗行星,51118km。体积约为地球的65倍,在九大行星中仅次于木星和土星。天王星的大气层中83%是氢,15%为氦,2%为甲烷以及少量的乙炔和碳氢化合物。上层大气层的甲烷吸收红光,使天王星呈现蓝绿色。大气在固定纬度集结成云层,类似于木星和土星在纬线上鲜艳的条状色带。天王星云层的平均温度为零下193摄氏度。质量为8.6810±13×10²⁵kg,相当于地球质量的14.63倍。密度较学联合会大会24日投票决定,不再将传统九大行星之一的冥王星视为行星,而将其列入“矮行星”。大会通过的决议规定,“行星”指的是围绕太阳运转、自身引力足以克服其刚体力而使天体呈圆球状、能够清除其轨道附近其他物体的天体。在太阳系传统的“九大行星”中,只有水星、金星、地球、火星、木星、土星、天王星和海王星符合这些要求。冥王星由于其轨道与海王星的轨道相交,不符合新的行星定义,因此被自动降级为“矮行星”。[59]  冥王星的表面温度大概在-238到-228℃之间。冥王星的成份由70%岩石和30%冰水混合而成的。地表上光亮的部分可能覆盖着一些固体氮以及少量 卫星拍月球经过地球,可见清晰月球背面 卫星拍月球经过地球,可见清晰月球背面 [60] 的固体甲烷和一氧化碳,冥王星表面的黑暗部分可能是一些基本的有机物质或是由宇宙射线引发的光化学反应。冥王星的大气层主要由氮和少量的一氧化碳及甲烷组成。大气极其稀薄,地面压强只有少量微帕。[61] 地球是离太阳第三颗行星,是我们人类的家乡,尽管地球是太阳系中一颗普通的行星,但它在许多方面都是独一无二的。比如,它是太阳系中唯一一颗面积大部分被水覆盖的行星,也是目前所知唯一一颗有生命存在的星球。质量M=5.9742 ×10^24 公斤,表面温度:t = - 30 ~ +45。[62]  英国科研人员在《天体生物学》杂志上报告说,如果没有小行星撞击等可能剧烈改变环境的事件发生,地球适宜人类居住的时间还剩约17.5亿年,不过人为造成的气候变化可能缩短这一时间。[63] 彗星是由灰尘和冰块组成的太阳系中的一类小天体,绕日运动。[64]  科学家使用探测器对彗星的化学遗留物进行分析,发现其主要成份为氨、甲烷、硫化氢、氰化氢和甲醛。科学家得出结论称,彗星的气味闻起来像是臭鸡蛋、马尿、酒精和苦杏仁的气味综合。[65-66] “67P/楚留莫夫-格拉希门克”彗星 “67P/楚留莫夫-格拉希门克”彗星 [67] 在太阳系的周围还包裹着一个庞大的“奥尔特云”。星云内分布着不计其数的冰块、雪团和碎石。其中的某些会受太阳引力影响飞入内太阳系,这学说,在原有的轨道(或称小天体轨道)上又增加了更多的天体运行轨道。这一模式称每颗行星都沿着一个小轨道作圆周运行,而小轨道又沿着该行星的大轨道绕地球作圆周运动。几百年之后,这一模式的漏洞越来越明显。科学家们又在这个模式上增加了许多轨道,行星就这样沿着一道又一道的轨道作圆周运动。哥白尼想用“现代”(16世纪的)技术来改进托勒密的测量结果,以期取消一些小轨道。在长达近20年的时间里,哥白尼不辞辛劳日夜测量行星的位置,但其测量获得的结果仍然与托勒密的天体运行模式没有多少差别。哥白尼想知道在另一个运行着的行星上观察这些行星的运行情况会是什么样的。基于这种设想,哥白尼萌发了一个念头:假如地球在运行中,那么这些行星的运行看上去会是什么情况呢?这一设想在他脑海里变得清晰起来了。一年里,哥白尼在不同的时间、不同的距离从地球上观察行星,每一个行星的情况都不相同,这是他意识到地球不可能位于星星轨道的中心。经过20年的观测,哥白尼发现唯独太阳的周年变化不明显。这意味着地球和太阳的距离始终没有改变。如果地球不是宇宙的中心,那么宇宙的中心就是太阳。的发现才使牛顿有能力确定运动定律和万有引力定律。哥白尼的日心宇宙体系既然是时代的产物,它就不能不受到时代的限制。反对神学的不彻底性,同时表现在哥白尼的某些观点上,他的体系是存在缺陷的。哥白尼所指的宇宙是局限在一个小的范围内的,具体来说,他的宇宙结构就是今天我们所熟知的太阳系,即以太阳为中心的天体系统。宇宙既然有它的中心,就必须有它的边界,哥白尼虽然否定了托勒玫的“九重天”,但他却保留了一层恒星天,尽管他回避了宇宙是否有限这个问题,但实际上他是相信恒星天球是宇宙的“外壳”,他仍然相信天体只能按照所谓完美的圆形轨道运动,所以哥白尼的宇宙体系,仍然包含着不动的中心天体。但是作为近代自然科学的奠基人,哥白尼的历史功绩是伟大的。确认地球不是宇宙的中心,而是行星之一,从而掀起了一场天文学上根本性的革命,是人类探求客观真理道路上的里程碑。哥白尼的伟大成就,不仅铺平了通向近代天文学的道路,而且开创了整个自然界科学向前迈进的新时代。从哥白尼时代起,脱离教会束缚的自然科学和哲学开始获得飞跃的发展。哥白尼的科学成就,是他所处时代的产物,又转过来推动了时代的发展。顺应时代变化 十五、六世纪的欧洲,正是从封建社会向资本主义社会转变的关键时期,在这一二百年间,社会发生了巨大的变化。14世纪ndali soon after. She held out hope, she would later tell family members, sometimes tearing up at the memory, that once they were married, she could get their 别让梦想只停留在梦里。181. A day without laughter is a day wasted. 没有笑声的一天是浪费了的一天。(卓别林) 182. Travel and see the world; afterwards, you will be able to put your concerns in perspective. 去旅行吧,见的世面多了,你会发现原来在意的那些结根本算不了什么。183. The key to acquiring proficiency in any task is repetition. 任何事情成功关键都是熟能生巧。《生活大爆炸》 184. You can be happy no matter what. 开心一点吧,管它会怎样。baby boy back. Arthur Schieble died in August 1955, after the adoption was finalized. Just after Christmas that year, Joanne and Abdulfattah were married in St. Philip the Apostle Catholic Church in Green Bay. He got his PhD in international politics the next year, and then they had another child, a girl named Mona. After she and Jandali divorced in 1962, Joanne embarked on a dreamy and peripatetic life that her daughter, who grew up to become the acclaimed novelist Mona Simpson, would capture in her book Anywhere but Here. Because Steve’s adoption had been closed, it would be twenty years before they would all find each other. Steve Jobs knew from an early age that he was adopted. “My parents were very open with me about that,” he recalled. He had a vivid memory of sitting on the lawn of his house, when he was six or seven years old, telling the girl who lived across the street. “So does that mean your real parents didn’t want you?” the girl asked. “Lightning bolts went off in my head,” according to Jobs. “I remember running into the house, crying. And my parents said, ‘No, you have to understand.’ They were very serious and looked me straight in the eye. They said, ‘We specifically picked you out.’ Both of my parents said that and repeated it slowly for me. And they put an emphasis on every word in that sentence.” Abandoned. Chosen. Special. Those concepts became part of who Jobs was and how he regarded himself. His closest friends think that the knowledge that he was given up at birth left some scars. “I think his desire for complete control of whatever he makes derives directly from his personality and the fact that he was abandoned at birth,” said one longtime colleague, Del Yocam. “He wants to control his environment, and he sees the product as an extension of himself.” Greg Calhoun, who became close to Jobs right after college, saw another effect. “Steve talked to me a lot about being abandoned and the pain that caused,” he said. “It made him independent. He followed the beat of a different drummer, and that came from being in a different world than he was born into.” Later in life, when he was the same age his biological father had been when he abandoned him, Jobs would father and abandon a child of his own. (He eventually took responsibility for her.) Chrisann Brennan, the mother of that child, said that being put up for adoption left Jobs “full of broken glass,” and it helps to explain some of his behavior. “He who is abandoned is an abandoner,” she said. Andy Hertzfeld, who worked with Jobs at Apple in the early 1980s, is among the few who remained close to both Brennan and Jobs. “The key question about Steve is why he can’t control himself at times from being so reflexively cruel and harmful to some people,” he said. “That goes back to being abandoned at birth. The real underlying problem was the theme of abandonment in Steve’s life.” Jobs dismissed this. “There’s some notion that because I was abandoned, I worked very hard so I could do well and make my parents wish they had me back, or some such nonsense, but that’s ridiculous,” he insisted. “Knowing I was adopted may have made me feel more independent, but I have never felt abandoned. I’ve always felt special. My parents made me feel special.” He would later bristle whenever anyone referred to Paul and Clara Jobs as his “adoptive” parents or implied that they were not his “real” parents. “They were my parents 1,000%,” he said. When speaking about his biological parents, on the other hand, he was curt: “They were my sperm and egg bank. That’s not harsh, it’s just the way it was, a sperm bank thing, nothing more.” Silicon Valley The childhood that Paul and Clara Jobs created for their new son was, in many ways, a stereotype of the late 1950s. When Steve was two they adopted a girl they named Patty, and three years later they moved to a tract house in the suburbs. The finance company where Paul worked as a repo man, CIT, had transferred him down to its Palo Alto office, but he could not afford to live there, so they landed in a subdivision in Mountain View, a less expensive town just to the south. There Paul tried to pass along his love of mechanics and cars. “Steve, this is your workbench now,” he said as he marked off a section of the table in their garage. Jobs remembered being impressed by his father’s focus on craftsmanship. “I thought my dad’s sense of design was pretty good,” he said, “because he knew how to build anything. If we needed a cabinet, he would build it. When he built our fence, he gave me a hammer so I could work with him.” Fifty years later the fence still surrounds the back and side yards of the house in Mountain View. As Jobs showed it off to me, he caressed the stockade panels and recalled a lesson that his father implanted deeply in him. It was important, his father said, to craft the backs of cabinets and fences properly, even though they were hidden. “He loved doing things right. He even cared about the look of the parts you couldn’t see.” His father continued to refurbish and resell used cars, and he festooned the garage with pictures of his favorites. He would point out the detailing of the design to his son: the lines, the vents, the chrome, the trim of the seats. After work each day, he would change into his dungarees and retreat to the garage, often with Steve tagging along. “I figured I could get him nailed down with a little mechanical ability, but he really wasn’t interested in getting his hands dirty,” Paul later recalled. “He never really cared too much about m189. It requires hard work to give off an appearance of effortlessness. 你必须十分努力,才能看起来毫不费力。190. Life is like riding a bicycle.To keep your balance,you must keep moving. 人生就像骑单车,只有不断前进,才能保持平衡。(爱因斯坦) 191. Be thankful for what you have.You'll end up having more. 拥有一颗感恩的心,最终你会得到更多。192. Beauty is how you feel inside, and it reflects in your eyes. 美是一种内心的感觉,并反映在你的眼睛里。(索菲亚·罗兰) 193. Friendship doubles your joys, and divides your sorrows. 朋友的作用,就是让你快乐加倍,痛苦减半。194. When you long for something sincerely, the whole world will help you. 当你真心渴望某样东西时,整个宇宙都会来帮忙。echanical things.” “I wasn’t that into fixing cars,” Jobs admitted. “But I was eager to hang out with my dad.” Even as he was growing more aware that he had been adopted, he was becoming more attached to his father. One day when he was about eight, he discovered a photograph of his father from his time in the Coast Guard. “He’s in the engine room, and he’s got his shirt off and looks like James Dean. It was one of those Oh wow moments for a kid. Wow, oooh, my parents were actually once very young and really good-looking.” Through cars, his father gave Steve his first exposure to electronics. “My dad did not have a deep understanding of electronics, but he’d encountered it a lot in automobiles and other things he would fix. He showed me the rudiments of electronics, and I got very interested in that.” Even more interesting were the trips to scavenge for parts. “Every weekend, there’d be a junkyard trip. We’d be looking for a generator, a carburetor, all sorts of components.” He remembered watching his father negotiate at the counter. “He was a good bargainer, because he knew better than the guys at the counter what the parts should cost.” This helped fulfill the pledge his parents made when he was adopted. “My college fund came from my dad paying $50 for a Ford Falcon or some other beat-up car that didn’t run, working on it for a few weeks, and selling it for $250—and not telling the IRS.” The Jobses’ house and the others in their neighborhood were built by the real estate developer Joseph Eichler, whose company spawned more than eleven thousand homes in various California subdivisions between 1950 and 1974. Inspired by Frank Lloyd Wright’s vision of simple modern homes for the American “everyman,” Eichler built inexpensive houses that featured floor-to-ceiling glass walls, open floor plans, exposed post-and-beam construction, concrete slab floors, and lots of sliding glass doors. “Eichler did a great thing,” Jobs said on one of our walks around the neighborhood. “His houses were smart and cheap and good. They brought clean design and simple taste to lower-income people. They had awesome little features, like radiant heating in the floors. You put carpet on them, and we had nice toasty floors when we were kids.” Jobs said that his appreciation for Eichler homes instilled in him a passion for making nicely designed products for the mass market. “I love it when you can bring really great design and simple capability to something that doesn’t cost much,” he said as he pointed out the clean elegance of the houses. “It was the original vision for Apple. That’s what we tried to do with the first Mac. That’s what we did with the iPod.” Across the street from the Jobs family lived a man who had become successful as a real estate agent. “He wasn’t that bright,” Jobs recalled, “but he seemed to be making a fortune. So my dad thought, ‘I can do that.’ He worked so hard, I remember. He took these night classes, passed the license test, and got into real estate. Then the bottom fell out of the market.” As a result, the family found itself financially strapped for a year or so while Steve was in elementary school. His mother took a job as a bookkeeper for Varian Associates, a company that made scientific instruments, and they took out a second mortgage. One day his fourth-grade teacher asked him, “What is it you don’t understand about the universe?” Jobs replied, “I don’t understand why all of a sudden my dad is so broke.” He was proud that his father never adopted a servile attitude or slick style that may have made him a better salesman. “You had to suck up to people to sell real estate, and he wasn’t good at that and it wasn’t in his nature. I admired him for that.” Paul Jobs went back to being a mechanic. His father was calm and gentle, traits that his son later praised more than emulated. He was also resolute. Jobs described one exampl What made the neighborhood different from the thousands of other spindly-tree subdivisions across America was that even the ne’er-do-wells tended to be engineers. “When we moved here, there were apricot and plum orchards on all of these corners,” Jobs recalled. “But it was beginning to boom because of military investment.” He soaked up the history of the valley and developed a yearning to play his own role. Edwin Land of Polaroid later told him about being asked by Eisenhower to help build the U-2 spy plane cameras to see how real the Soviet threat was. The film was dropped in canisters and returned to the NASA Ames Research Center in Sunnyvale, not far from where Jobs lived. “The first computer terminal I ever saw was when my dad brought me to the Ames Center,” he said. “I fell totally in love with it.” Other defense contractors sprouted nearby during the 1950s. The Lockheed Missiles and Space Division, which built submarine-launched ballistic missiles, was founded in 1956 next to the NASA Center; by the time Jobs moved to the area four years later, it employed twenty thousand people. A few hundred yards away, Westinghouse built facilities that produced tubes and electrical transformers for the missile systems. “You had all these military companies on the cutting edge,” he recalled. “It was mysterious and high-tech and made living here very exciting.” In the wake of the defense industries there arose a booming economy based on technology. Its roots stretched back to 1938, when David Packard and his new wife moved into a house in Palo Alto that had a shed where his friend Bill Hewlett was soon ensconced. The house had a garage—an appendage that would prove both useful and iconic in the valley—in which they tinkered around until they had their first product, an audio oscillator. By the 1950s, Hewlett-Packard was a fast-growing company making technical instruments. Fortunately there was a place nearby for entrepreneurs who had outgrown their garages. In a move that would help transform the area into the cradle of the tech revolution, Stanford University’s dean of engineering, Frederick Terman, created a seven-hundred-acre industrial park on university land for private companies that could commercialize the ideas of his students. Its first tenant was Varian Associates, where Clara Jobs worked. “Terman came up with this great idea that did more than anything to cause the tech industry to grow up here,” Jobs said. By the time Jobs was ten, HP had nine thousand employees and was the blue-chip company where every engineer seeking financial stability wanted to work. The most important technology for the region’s growth was, of course, the semiconductor. William Shockley, who had been one of the inventors of the transistor at Bell Labs in New Jersey, moved out to Mountain View and, in 1956, started a company to build transistors using silicon rather than the more expensive germanium that was then commonly used. But Shockley became increasingly erratic and abandoned his silicon transistor project, which led eight of his engineers—most notably Robert Noyce and Gordon Moore—to break away to form Fairchild Semiconductor. That company grew to twelve thousand employees, but it fragmented in 1968, when Noyce lost a power struggle to become CEO. He took Gordon Moore and founded a company that they called Integrated Electronics Corporation, which they soon smartly abbreviated to Intel. Their third employee was Andrew Grove, who later would grow the company by shifting its focus from memory chips to microprocessors. Within a few years there would be more than fifty companies in the area making semiconductors. The exponential growth of this industry was correlated with the phenomenon famously discovered by Moore, who in 1965 drew a graph of the speed of integrated circuits, based on the number of transistors that could be placed on a chip, and showed that it doubled about every two years, a trajectory that could be expected to continue. This was reaffirmed in 1971, when Intel was able to etch a complete central processing unit onto one chip, the Intel 4004, tronic amplifier. “So I raced home, and I told my dad that he was wrong.” “No, it needs an amplifier,” his father assured him. When Steve protested otherwise, his father said he was crazy. “It can’t work without an amplifier. There’s some trick.” “I kept saying no to my dad, telling him he had to see it, and finally he actually walked down with me and saw it. And he said, ‘Well I’ll be a bat out of hell.’” Jobs recalled the incident vividly because it was his first realization that his father did not know everything. Then a more disconcerting discovery began to dawn on him: He was smarter than his parents. He had always admired his father’s competence and savvy. “He was not an educated man, but I had always thought he was pretty damn smart. He didn’t read much, but he could do a lot. Almost everything mechanical, he could figure it out.” Yet the carbon microphone incident, Jobs said, began a jarring process of realizing that he was in fact more clever and quick than his parents. “It was a very big moment that’s burned into my mind. When I realized that I was smarter than my parents, I felt tremendous shame for having thought that. I will never forget that moment.” This discovery, he later told friends, along with the fact that he was adopted, made him feel apart—detached and separate—from both his family and the world. Another layer of awareness occurred soon after. Not only did he discover that he was brighter than his parents, but he discovered that they knew this. Paul and Clara Jobs were loving parents, and they were willing to adapt their lives to suit a son who was very smart—and also willful. They would go to great lengths to accommodate him. And soon Steve discovered this fact as well. “Both my parents got me. They felt a lot of responsibility once they sensed that I was special. They found ways to keep feeding me stuff and putting me in better schools. They were willing to defer to my needs.” So he grew up not only with a sense of having once been abandoned, but also with a sense that he was special. In his own mind, that was more important in the formation of his personality. School Even before Jobs started elementary school, his mother had taught him how to read. This, however, led to some problems once he got to school. “I was kind of bored for the first few years




“牛逼的人,很早就开始牛逼了。”


这话很有道理。虽然有“大器晚成”一说,但罗马绝对不是一天建成的。能够“大器晚成”的人,往往是一个一直很牛逼的人。 



01

自古英雄出少年

牛逼的人很早就开始牛逼了


你知道第一个拍下巴菲特午餐的华人是谁吗?


是OPPO/vivo的幕后老板,小霸王和步步高的创始人段永平。


你知道段永平创办小霸王游戏机时多少岁吗?


只有28岁。


2006年,段永平拍下巴菲特午餐后,带了一个20出头的年轻人,一起去跟巴菲特共进午餐。


这个年轻人,就是后来创办拼多多的黄峥。


 黄峥和巴菲特


不仅仅是段永平、黄峥,我分析了一下现在的商界大佬,发现一个普遍性的现象:


牛逼的人很早就开始牛逼了。


比如,顺丰创始人王卫,他创办顺丰快递时只有22岁。


比如,美团创始人王兴,他创办校内网(人人网)时只有26岁。


比如今日头条、抖音创始人张一鸣,他创办“九九房”搜索时只有26岁。


比如,滴滴创始人程维,27岁就做到了支付宝B2C事业部副总。


比如,小米创始人雷军,28岁就担任了金山软件CEO。


比如,阿里巴巴创始人马云,他在读杭州师范学院时就开始崭露锋芒,不仅是学校的学生会主席,还担任了两届杭州市学联主席。


比如,京东创始人刘强东,人家可是1992年江苏宿迁的高考状元。


比如,百度创始人李彦宏,人家可是1987年山西阳泉的高考状元。


比如,万达集团创始人王健林,“我在部队成为正团级干部时只有28岁,是几十万部队当中最年轻的干部之一。”


比如,华为创始人任正非,任正非虽是1987年创办的华为,但他在1977年当兵时,就研发出了我国第一台空气压力天平,获得了全军技术成果一等奖。


看吧,牛逼的人,真的很早就开始牛逼了。


他们为什么年纪轻轻就开始牛逼了呢?


因为他们通常具有这五大特质。



02

特质一:拥有强烈的成功欲望 


1987年,刚上武汉大学的第一年,雷军读了一本书——《硅谷之火》,此书讲的是乔布斯等人创业的故事。


“看完这本书,我的内心就有一团火焰燃烧起来,激动得好几个晚上睡不着觉。我在体育场上走了一遍又一遍,心情很难平静,在操场里我奠定了一个梦想:日后一定要做一个伟大的人。”


于是雷军戒掉了午睡的习惯,用两年时间修完了大学课程,然后疯狂地修炼编程技术,他不仅席卷了学校所有类型奖学金,还拿到了两次湖北大学生科研成果一等奖。


正因为这么牛,他毕业后才被分配到了航天部某研究所。


尽管这份工作让人艳羡,但雷军却越干越苦闷,因为这份工作承载不了他的梦想,所以他觉得非常痛苦。


1992年1月,他终于辞职,投奔了金山软件公司,然后六年就做到了金山总经理。


2007年,金山在香港上市,市值6.26亿港币。


这本来是件值得高兴的事,但雷军却十分郁闷,“我选错了跑道,这个行业不可能做出很大的规模。”


所以在金山上市两个月后,他竟然辞掉了CEO的职务。辞职后,他过起了悠闲的生活,顺便再做做天使投资。


不得不佩服雷军的眼光,他参与投资的很多项目都发展得很好,如拉卡拉、UC、凡客诚品、YY、乐淘等等。他就是天天躺着睡大觉,这些钱一辈子也花不完了。


但雷军心里那团火就是熄灭不了,那团火烧得他寝食难安:“我这么勤奋,又不比别人笨,为什么我就成不了大事呢?”


他得出结论:我没有选对风口。


于是他又开始折腾起来,四处寻找能承载他梦想的风口。


2009年,他终于找到了,这个风口就是——移动互联网。


2010年4月,雷军创办了小米。


“就要赌一把,倾家荡产我也认了。”


这一次,雷军赌赢了。


阿里集团湖畔大学产品模块学术主任梁宁,搞过一个很有意思的分析:


成就最高的那批人,和普通人究竟有什么区别?


在这次分析比较中,她发现了一个很有意思的区别:


成就最高的那批人,有一种特别重要的天分——拥有强烈的成功欲望。


比如雷军,比如马云,比如王兴,他们很年轻时就拥有强烈的欲望,希望自己可以改变社会改变世界,他们天天为不能改变世界而痛苦,于是这种痛苦驱使他们玩命去开拓去创新。


什么是普通人?


普通人就是欲望没那么强烈,痛苦也没那么强烈的人。


什么是杰出的人?


就是想要某种东西而得不到,便会坐立不安饮食无味的人。


为了得到这个东西,他们会玩命去拼搏去创造,不管付出什么都可以,不管牺牲什么都可以。


所以梁宁说:


“痛苦是一种比快乐还重要的天分,巨大的痛苦会驱动一个人去做出巨大的成就。”


所谓成功,往往来自高于常人的欲望。




02

特质二:拥有说干就干的行动力 


1993年,丁磊大学毕业后,被分配到了顶好的单位——宁波电信局。


但丁磊干了两年后,觉得工作太无聊太无趣了,于是辞掉了人人羡慕的铁饭碗,在一间8平米的出租屋里创建了网易。


1993年,马化腾大学毕业后,进入润迅通讯做了一名编程工程师,月薪1100元。


你知道1100元的工资有多高吗?


当时一般人的月薪只有100元左右。


但马化腾并不满足于此,1998年,当中国互联网用户数迈过100万大关时,马化腾果断辞去了润迅开发部主管的职务,四处借钱创办了腾讯QQ。



1996年,刘强东大学毕业后,进入一家外企工作,每月拿着4000元的工资,过上了高薪阶层的生活。


但仅仅只过了两年,他就不甘于寄人篱下,于是抱着存钱罐奔向中关村,租一个小柜台,创办了京东。


1998年,张朝阳创办搜狐后,到美国硅谷做了一个演讲,台下的李彦宏听得热血沸腾,于是他辞去Infoseek主任工程师职务,丢下无数人羡慕的高薪工作,回国创办了百度搜索。


2004年初,正在美国特拉华大学攻读博士的王兴,受美国Facebook的启发,于是立马中断了博士学业,回国创办“多多友”“校内网”。


1988年,大连西岗区住宅开发公司,因负债149万元濒临破产,区政府希望有人拯救这个烂摊子,但是没有人敢接手,这时,在区政府担任办公室主任的王健林站了出来,“我接手了这个烂摊子,辞职下海创办了万达。”

…………


如果你分析一下现在的商界大佬,就会发现他们都拥有一种特质——拥有一种说干就干的行动力。


当他们发现一个机会或趋势后,敢于抛下现在的舒适生活,敢于不惜代价去奋力争取。


而绝大多数人为什么如此平庸呢?


是因为我们缺乏这种行动力,总是犹豫不决瞻前顾后,就像顾城在《避免》中说的:


“你说,你不爱种花,因为害怕看见花瓣,一片片的凋落。是的,为了避免一切结束,你避免了所有的开始。” 


在40岁生日这天,美团总裁王兴说了这么一句话:


“真的‘极度渴望成功’的人其实并不多,‘愿意付出非凡代价’的就更少了。”




03

特质三:都是深度学习的机器 


在创办美团之前,王兴经历了数次失败。


创办多多友,失败。

创办游子图,失败。

创办校内网,失败。

创办海内网,失败。

创办饭否,失败。


直到2010年创办美团,才终获成功。


有记者问今日资本创始人徐新,“为什么王兴失败了这么多次,你还是要重仓投资王兴?”


徐新说了这么一句话:


“因为我们王兴身上看到了三点。第一,他是一个深度学习的机器。第二,他非常诚信。第三,他非常节俭。”


王兴真的是太爱学习了,比如,我们看到“又双叒叕”四个字,可能不知道读音就算了,但王兴不,他不仅要知道第三个字念ruò,还研究了第四个字居然有四种读音:zhuó、yǐ、lì、jué。


比如,他不是厨师,也不是雕刻师,但是他非要搞明白“砍、劈、剁、削、片、刺、捅、切、割、挑、剜、拍、插、撬、剖、格、挡、刮、雕、刻”等动作的区别。


王兴买了3个Kindle,


为什么要买三个?


就是为了在公司、在家里、在出差途中,随时随地都可以阅读。


王兴有多爱学习呢?


他在饭否上写过一句话:


“如果我一整天都没看到、想到、或做过什么值得在饭否上说的事,那这一天就太浑浑噩噩了。”


正因为王兴超级痴迷学习,所以徐新才这么看重他:“他做的很多业务,都不是第一个,却能后来居上,把前人PK掉。”


如果你研究一下现在的商界大佬,就会发现他们都拥有一种特质——都是深度学习的机器。


比如刘强东,刘强东大学念的专业是社会学系,但他对社会学没兴趣,而倾慕新兴的计算机技术,于是他天天坐公交车去研究所抢占机位,学习琢磨编程技术,待到毕业时,他这个社会学学士,却成了中国人大最好的程序员之一。


任正非也一样,他念大学的时候是1963年,读的是建筑学,但后来因为找不到工作,他就自学了电子计算机、数字技术、自动控制等专业技术,于是这才有了后来的华为。


之前一位网友爆料:我在高铁上遇到了任正非,“任正非在我边上现场办公,全英文啊。”


十几年前,在一次董事会上,任正非对副总裁们说了一句话:“将来董事会官方语言是英语,我自己60岁了还在学外语,你们这些副总裁就自己看着办。”


看吧,这些商业大佬,没有谁不是深度学习的机器。


深度学习能力,永远是成功的根本。




04

特质四:都善于坚持 


马云是个很坚强的人,他成年后就很少掉眼泪了,但在创业途中他大哭过三次。


第一次发生在1995年,那一年,马云去了一趟美国。这次美国之旅,让他有了一个意外发现——知道了互联网。


回到中国后,他立马辞职,创建了中国第一家商业网站——中国黄页。


“我要向世界传播中国的贸易和商业信息。”


为了宣传和推广中国黄页,马云去北京寻找政府支持,结果被一个个部门请了出去,“这人一看就不像个好人。”


出租车上,马云失声大哭:“我希望中国人早点成功,不能再拖下去了。”


第二次,发生在1999年初,马云经历了第三次创业失败。


离开北京返回杭州之前,马云请团队吃了一顿饭,那天下着很大的雪,他唱着《真心英雄》,跟大家抱在一起失声痛哭。


第三次是发生在1999年10月,阿里巴巴发不起工资了,马云只好四处去融资


找到联想柳传志,柳传志婉拒了:“互联网,我看不懂。”


找到金山软件雷军,雷军拒绝了:“长得贼眉鼠眼,满嘴跑回车,以前是干传销的吧。”


马云找了37次风投,但37次都被拒绝了。眼看着阿里巴巴就要夭折了,马云忍不住在夜里失声痛哭。


王健林创办万达时也一样,在银行贷不到款,万达面临倒闭。3年打了222场官司,9天9夜没睡觉去求人,“为了拿到这笔贷款,在走廊上一站就是一整天。我想银行八点半上班,我就八点去吧,站着,一直站到银行下班。


究竟行长是来了没来?还是不在?没人愿意告诉我这个信息。


后来没有办法,我就跑到行长家楼下去堵人,看尽了各种脸色,当时站在走廊里的那种感觉那种耻辱,真的是太卑微太卑贱了。”


任正非也一样,1992年,华为遭遇研发危机,如果挺不过这一关,等待华为的就只有倒闭。


任正非站在办公室的窗边,一字一顿地对属下说:“这次研发如果失败了,我就从楼上跳下去,你们另谋出路。”


但尽管经历了种种磨难,马云、王健林、任正非等人终于还是挺了过来。


如果你研究一下现在的商界大佬,就会发现他们都拥有一种特质——非常善于坚持。


王兴这样说:“做一个五年甚至十年不被外界认可的事,真的很难很难,但你必须要有耐心,当最后水落石出时,你就一骑绝尘了。”


王健林这样说:“我经常讲一句话:过去讲不到黄河心不死、不撞南墙不回头,我不一样,我到了黄河心也不死,我可能搭一个桥我就过去了。撞了南墙也不回头,我找个梯子我就爬过去了。”


马云这样说:“今天很残酷,明天更残酷。后天很美好,但是绝大部分人,都死在明天晚上,看不见后天的太阳。”




05

特质五:都愿意延迟满足 


大家都知道,头条、抖音创始人张一鸣,是一个最擅长算法的人。


张一鸣说过一句话:“在我的人生算法里,最重要的一个词就是——延迟满足感。”


张一鸣几乎每次接受采访时,都会提一个词——延迟满足感。他说:“很多人人生中一半的问题,都是这个原因造成的——没有延迟满足感。”


2016年,李志刚问张一鸣:“你做了哪些关键决策,让今日头条从0做到了百亿美金?”


张一鸣回答了这么一句话:“其实大部分重要决策,我在创业的头三个月就基本做完了。但真正让我把公司做大的,是延迟满足感。”


张一鸣大学毕业后进入酷讯时,只是一个普通工程师,但一年后他就做到了公司高管。


他是怎么做到的?


很重要的一点,是因为他愿意延迟满足,


“第一个原因:我做事从不分你我。我做完自己的工作后,对于大部分同事的问题,只要我能帮助解决,我都去做。所以我成长得非常快。


第二个原因是,我做事从不设边界。当时我负责技术,但遇到产品上的问题,我也会积极参与方案的讨论。很多人说,这个不是我该做的事情,但做这些事情让我得到了各种锻炼,这对我后来转型做产品有很大帮助。”


2015年,BAT开出高价,欲收购张一鸣创办的今日头条,这个价格,相当相当诱人,一下就可以解决财富自由问题,


但张一鸣说了一句话:“我创办今日头条,可不是为了成为别人的员工。”



不仅仅是张一鸣,如果你分析现在的商界大佬,就会发现他们都拥有一种特质——愿意延迟满足。


1998年,金山奖励了雷军20万,雷军把这20万扔进股市,一下子赚了40万。但他竟然把60万全捐给了母校。


你知道吗?


当时他的月薪是1万,但他竟然把这些钱全捐了。


朋友问他:为什么啊?


雷军说了这么一句话:“股票上赚钱太容易,会让人斗志偏移。我必须要集中精力做应该做的事情。”


雷军的延迟满足能力真是强大啊。


任正非也是一样。


2000年之后,房地产发展得很快,于是部下给老任建议:“随便要点地盖盖房子,就能轻松实现一百亿利润。”


但任正非一口就回绝了:“挣完了大钱,就不愿意再回来挣小钱了。”


1998年,华为出台了《华为基本法》。


基本法的第一条就是——“为了使华为成为世界一流的设备供应商,我们将永不进入信息服务业。”


中途,做房地产本可以爆发。

中途,做互联网本可以爆发。

中途,做资本运作本可以爆发。


但任正非从不为这些诱惑所动:“华为就是一只大乌龟,二十多年来,只知爬呀爬,全然没看见路两旁的鲜花,不被各种所谓的风口所左右,只傻傻地走自己的路。”


正因为任正非有强大的延迟满足能力,所以他终于等来了强大的华为。




06

写在最后:

底层操作系统决定一个人的成就


我为什么要讲商界大佬的这几种特质呢?


其实我讲的是一个人的底层操作系统。


我特别认可梁宁的一句话:“比能力重要1000倍的,是一个人的底层操作系统。”


什么是一个人的底层操作系统?


就是如果把人想象成一部手机,这个人的精神结构就是他的底层操作系统。


也就是说,一个人的精神结构,决定了他会成为什么样的一个人,决定了他会取得什么样的成就。


商界大佬精神结构的特质就是:


  • 拥有强烈的成功欲望


  • 拥有说干就干的行动力


  • 都是深度学习的机器


  • 非常善于死磕和坚持


  • 愿意延迟满足


所以,如果我们想成为这样的人。一定得先拥有这样的精神结构。


“牛逼的人很早就开始牛逼了。”这话很有道理。


虽然有“大器晚成”一说,但罗马绝对不是一天建成的。能够“大器晚成”的人,往往是一个一直都很牛逼的人。


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