大数跨境

《食品工业科技》F5000论文展播:我国罗非鱼加工研究现状

《食品工业科技》F5000论文展播:我国罗非鱼加工研究现状 食品工业科技编辑部
2022-10-17
2
导读:我国罗非鱼加工研究现状目的:罗非鱼具有杂食性、生长迅速、繁殖能力强、少病害及适合淡水和海水养殖等优点,被作为

我国罗非鱼加工研究现状



目的:罗非鱼具有杂食性、生长迅速、繁殖能力强、少病害及适合淡水和海水养殖等优点,被作为联合国粮农组织(FAO)向全世界推广养殖的优良品种之一。罗非鱼肉质洁白鲜嫩,鱼刺少,只有肌间刺,富含蛋白质等营养素,营养价值与鳕鱼等相仿,成为替代鳕鱼片的主要品种,缓解了海洋资源的压力,保障了优质水产蛋白的供应。中国是罗非鱼生产和贸易大国,由于市场因素、国际金融危机等因素,近年来,我国罗非鱼产业出现了增产不增收的恶性循环现象,因此,分析我国罗非鱼加工研究现状对罗非鱼的发展具有重要的指导意义。


内容:详细介绍了近几年我国罗非鱼加工产品种类的研发技术现状。由于罗非鱼片是我国主要加工出口品种,在冻罗非鱼片加工过程存在鱼肉变色和冷冻过程水分流失的问题,目前已研究解决了罗非鱼片的发色技术,主要是采用CO发色,并通过复配冰衣护色处理延长鱼片色泽的保持时间。探明了磷酸盐保水效果和对蛋白影响,比较了由0.2%柠檬酸钠、0.1%木糖、0.4%碳酸钠等组成的无磷保水剂与复合磷酸盐对鱼片的保水性和热稳定性。在冰鲜罗非鱼片加工方面,重点研究利用气调包装、高压静电场、壳聚糖涂膜等技术及这些技术的联合应用来达到延长冰鲜罗非鱼片的货架期。研发了液熏罗非鱼片、干制罗非鱼、腊罗非鱼制品、罐头制品的加工技术;研究解决罗非鱼鱼糜的凝胶强度较低、难凝胶化的问题,开发了罗非鱼鱼糜制品加工技术。罗非鱼加工过程产生下脚料主要包括鱼头、鱼排、鱼皮、鱼骨、鱼鳞、鱼内脏等,质量约占整条鱼的57%。国内外学者研究利用酶和微生物技术,通过酶解或发酵,从鱼头鱼排中制备水产品调味料,以鱼皮、鱼鳞制备胶原蛋白、多肽和明胶,从内脏中提取鱼油、挖掘新型蛋白酶制剂,以及研究鱼血活性成分、鱼眼透明质酸、鱼骨硫酸软骨素等的制备技术。


结论与展望:综上,虽然近几年罗非鱼精深加工技术和产品开发研究较多,但精深加工产品生产相对较少,特别是利用罗非鱼加工下脚料开发的各类高附加值产品的技术大部分还处于实验室中试阶段。罗非鱼出口价格低廉,整体贸易利润低,这种状况很容易受国际市场环境的影响。罗非鱼国内市场消费潜力很大,要引导加工企业将视野从国际市场转向国内市场,以大型加工出口贸易企业为核心,建立区域性合作组织,标准化生产,提高品质,共同开发国内外市场,特别是开发适合当前消费需求的罗非鱼方便菜肴等方便食品。加快对已有的罗非鱼加工技术成果的转化,积极开发和引进先进的保鲜、加工、包装技术和设备,实现罗非鱼加工产品、下脚料制品工业化连续生产,提高产品附加值和质量档次,促进我国罗非鱼产业的发展。



图片购买于壹图网。



Objectives: Tilapia is suitable for freshwater and marine aquaculture and has the advantages of omnivory, rapid growth, high reproductive capacity and less disease, which is one of the excellent species promoted by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) to the world for aquaculture. The flesh of tilapia is white and tender, with few spines, only intermuscular spines, rich in protein and other nutrients, and its nutritional value is similar to that of cod, which has become the main alternative to cod fillets. It effectively relieves the pressure on marine resources and secures the supply of high-quality aquatic protein. China is a large tilapia production and trade country, due to market factors, international financial crisis and other factors, in recent years, China's tilapia industry has a vicious cycle of increasing production without increasing income, therefore, analysis of the current situation of tilapia processing research in China has important guiding significance for the development of tilapia.

Contents: This study introduces the current status of research and development technology of tilapia processing product types in China. In the processing of frozen tilapia fillets there are problems of fish discoloration and water loss during the freezing process, and the coloring technology of tilapia fillets has been researched and solved, mainly by using CO coloring and extending the color retention time of fillets by compounding ice coat color protection treatment. The water retention effect of phosphate and the effect on protein were explored, and the water retention and thermal stability of fish fillets were compared between phosphate-free water retention agent consisting of 0.2% sodium citrate, 0.1% xylose and 0.4% sodium carbonate and compound phosphate. In the processing of chilled tilapia fillets, the research focuses on the use of air conditioning packaging, high pressure electrostatic field, chitosan coating and other technologies and the combined application of these technologies to achieve extended shelf life of chilled tilapia fillets. Some research have developed processing technologies for liquid smoked tilapia fillets, dried tilapia, waxy tilapia products and canned products. They have solved the problem of low gel strength and difficult gelation of tilapia surimi, and developed processing technologies for tilapia surimi products. Tilapia processing process produces offal mainly including fish head, fish fillet, fish skin, fish bone, fish scale, fish offal, etc. The mass accounts for about 57 % of the whole fish. Domestic and foreign scholars have studied the preparation of aquatic seasoning from fish head and fish fillet by enzymatic digestion or fermentation using enzyme and microbial technology, collagen, peptide and gelatin from fish skin and fish scale, extraction of fish oil from offal, mining of new protease preparations, as well as studying the preparation technology of fish blood active ingredients, fish eye hyaluronic acid, fish bone chondroitin sulfate, etc.

Conclusion and Outlook: In summary, although there has been more research on tilapia finishing technology and product development in recent years, there is a relative lack of production of finishing products, especially the technology of various high value-added products developed using tilapia processing scraps is mostly still in the laboratory pilot stage. The export price of tilapia is low and the overall trade profit is low, and this situation is easily affected by the international market environment. The domestic market of tilapia has great consumption potential, so we should guide processing enterprises to shift their vision from the international market to the domestic market, take large processing and export trade enterprises as the core, establish regional cooperative organizations, standardize production, improve quality, and jointly develop domestic and international markets, especially develop convenient food such as convenient dishes of tilapia suitable for current consumption needs. Accelerate the transformation of the existing tilapia processing technology achievements, and actively develop and introduce advanced preservation, processing, packaging technology and equipment to achieve continuous industrial production of tilapia processed products, scraps products, improve the added value and quality grade of products, and promote the development of tilapia industry.




图表赏析






作者简介


吴燕燕  研究员

吴燕燕(1969-),女,博士,研究员,博士生导师,国家海水鱼产业技术体系鱼品加工岗位科学家,中国水产科学研究院学术委员会委员、中国食品工业协会理事、广东省食品学会理事。近年来在解决大宗养殖鱼类精深加工与副产物高值化利用技术方面取得重大突破,开发了系列水产品加工的新技术和新产品,多项技术成果在产业推广应用,取得很好的社会和经济效益。先后获各级科技奖励40项次,其中省部级一等奖6项;获授权国家发明专利52件;发表学术论文200余篇(其中SCI/EI 85篇);出版专著16部;制订了国家、行业和地方标准60多项。

详细内容请点击文末“阅读原文”。







编辑:徐令怡
主编:冯媛媛

版权声明

《食品工业科技》具有以上论文在全世界范围内的复制权、发行权、翻译权、汇编权、广播权、表演权、信息网络传播权、转许可权及以上权利的邻接权,且作者已授权期刊同论文著作权保护期。如需转载,可联系《食品工业科技》编辑部010-87244116,或直接在文末撰写转载来源。


      


食品工业科技官方网站:
http://www.spgykj.com





点亮“在看”,为《食品工业科技》助力

【声明】内容源于网络
0
0
食品工业科技编辑部
《食品工业科技》编辑部与作者、读者的交流平台。《食品工业科技》既是反映当前国内外食品工业技术水平的窗口,又是新技术应用推广的桥梁,面向科研、生产,满足各层次需求。
内容 2790
粉丝 0
食品工业科技编辑部 《食品工业科技》编辑部与作者、读者的交流平台。《食品工业科技》既是反映当前国内外食品工业技术水平的窗口,又是新技术应用推广的桥梁,面向科研、生产,满足各层次需求。
总阅读2.2k
粉丝0
内容2.8k