文章鉴读|浙江工业职业技术学院谢飞飞：远志多糖对力竭运动小鼠体内抗疲劳和体外抗氧化作用研究

食品工业科技编辑部

2025-03-19

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摘要

目的：本研究旨在探讨远志多糖在体内和体外的抗疲劳和抗氧化活性，通过建立力竭运动小鼠模型，评估不同剂量远志多糖对小鼠体内抗疲劳能力和体外抗氧化活性的影响。研究主要关注远志多糖对小鼠负重游泳时间、肝糖原、肌糖原、乳酸、尿素氮含量以及乳酸脱氢酶活力的变化，并考察其体外抗氧化活性。

方法：本研究采用力竭运动小鼠模型作为实验对象，将小鼠随机分为对照组和三个实验组，分别给予低、中、高剂量（0.10、0.20、0.40 mg/g·d）的远志多糖处理。实验周期为连续21天，每天给药一次。实验结束后，测定各组小鼠的负重游泳时间，并采集血液样本检测肝糖原、肌糖原、乳酸、尿素氮含量及乳酸脱氢酶活力。此外，还进行了体外抗氧化活性测试，包括羟基自由基清除率和DPPH自由基清除率的测定。

结果：结果显示，与空白对照组相比，低、中、高剂量的远志多糖显著延长了小鼠的负重游泳时间，分别增加了96.6秒（P<0.05）、254.4秒（P<0.01）和421.8秒（P<0.01）。同时，肝糖原含量分别提高了13.1%（P<0.05）、37.4%（P<0.01）和56.4%（P<0.01），肌糖原含量分别提高了10.8%（P<0.05）、31.2%（P<0.01）和42.0%（P<0.01）。运动后乳酸含量分别下降了4.6%（P<0.05）、8.6%（P<0.01）和14.5%（P<0.01），尿素氮含量分别降低了1.5%（P<0.05）、3.9%（P<0.01）和7.5%（P<0.01）。乳酸脱氢酶活力分别提高了10.4%（P<0.01）、14.0%（P<0.01）和19.9%（P<0.01）。体外抗氧化活性测试显示，当远志多糖浓度为4 mg/mL时，对羟基自由基清除率为61.3%，DPPH自由基清除率为79.5%。

结论：研究表明，远志多糖能够显著提高小鼠的抗疲劳能力，具体表现为延长负重游泳时间、增加肝糖原和肌糖原含量、降低乳酸和尿素氮水平以及提高乳酸脱氢酶活力。此外，远志多糖还表现出较好的体外抗氧化活性，能够有效清除羟基自由基和DPPH自由基。这些结果提示远志多糖可能通过多种机制发挥抗疲劳作用，包括增强能量储备、促进乳酸代谢和提高抗氧化能力。未来的研究可以进一步探索远志多糖的具体作用机制，并评估其在人类运动中的潜在应用价值。

本研究还发现，不同剂量的远志多糖对小鼠的抗疲劳效果存在剂量依赖性关系，即随着剂量的增加，抗疲劳效果逐渐增强。这一发现为进一步优化远志多糖的应用提供了重要参考。此外，研究还提示远志多糖可能作为一种潜在的功能性食品成分，在运动营养领域具有广阔的应用前景。

Abstract

Objective:This study aims to explore the anti-fatigue and antioxidant activities of Polygala tenuifolia polysaccharides in vivo and in vitro. By establishing an exhaustive exercise mouse model, the effects of different doses of Polygala tenuifolia polysaccharides on the anti-fatigue ability of mice in vivo and the antioxidant activity in vitro were evaluated. The study mainly focused on the changes of Polygala tenuifolia polysaccharides in the weighted swimming time, liver glycogen, muscle glycogen, lactic acid, urea nitrogen content and lactate dehydrogenase activity of mice, and investigated its in vitro antioxidant activity.

Methods: This study used an exhaustive exercise mouse model as the experimental subject. The mice were randomly divided into a control group and three experimental groups, and treated with low, medium and high doses (0.10, 0.20, 0.40 mg/g·d) of Polygala tenuifolia polysaccharides, respectively. The experimental period was 21 consecutive days, with medication once a day. After the experiment, the weighted swimming time of mice in each group was measured, and blood samples were collected to detect liver glycogen, muscle glycogen, lactic acid, urea nitrogen content and lactate dehydrogenase activity. In addition, in vitro antioxidant activity tests were performed, including the determination of hydroxyl radical scavenging rate and DPPH radical scavenging rate.

Results：The results showed that compared with the blank control group, low, medium and high doses of Polygala tenuifolia polysaccharides significantly prolonged the weighted swimming time of mice, increasing by 96.6 seconds (P<0.05), 254.4 seconds (P<0.01) and 421.8 seconds (P<0.01), respectively. At the same time, the liver glycogen content increased by 13.1% (P<0.05), 37.4% (P<0.01) and 56.4% (P<0.01), respectively, and the muscle glycogen content increased by 10.8% (P<0.05), 31.2% (P<0.01) and 42.0% (P<0.01), respectively. After exercise, the lactic acid content decreased by 4.6% (P<0.05), 8.6% (P<0.01) and 14.5% (P<0.01), and the urea nitrogen content decreased by 1.5% (P<0.05), 3.9% (P<0.01) and 7.5% (P<0.01), respectively. The lactate dehydrogenase activity increased by 10.4% (P<0.01), 14.0% (P<0.01) and 19.9% (P<0.01), respectively. The in vitro antioxidant activity test showed that when the concentration of Polygala tenuifolia polysaccharide was 4 mg/mL, the scavenging rate of hydroxyl radicals was 61.3% and the scavenging rate of DPPH radicals was 79.5%.

Conclusion: The study showed that Polygala tenuifolia polysaccharide can significantly improve the anti-fatigue ability of mice, which is manifested in prolonging the weight-bearing swimming time, increasing the content of liver glycogen and muscle glycogen, reducing the levels of lactic acid and urea nitrogen, and increasing the activity of lactate dehydrogenase. In addition, Polygala tenuifolia polysaccharides also showed good in vitro antioxidant activity and could effectively scavenge hydroxyl radicals and DPPH radicals. These results suggest that Polygala tenuifolia polysaccharides may exert anti-fatigue effects through multiple mechanisms, including enhancing energy reserves, promoting lactic acid metabolism, and improving antioxidant capacity. Future studies can further explore the specific mechanism of action of Polygala tenuifolia polysaccharides and evaluate its potential application value in human sports.

This study also found that the anti-fatigue effect of different doses of Polygala tenuifolia polysaccharides on mice was dose-dependent, that is, as the dose increased, the anti-fatigue effect gradually increased. This finding provides an important reference for further optimizing the application of Polygala tenuifolia polysaccharides. In addition, the study also suggests that Polygala tenuifolia polysaccharides may be a potential functional food ingredient with broad application prospects in the field of sports nutrition.

结果与分析

引用本文：谢飞飞. 远志多糖对力竭运动小鼠体内抗疲劳和体外抗氧化作用研究[J]. 食品工业科技, 2021, 42(6): 332-336. DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2020050292

Citation: XIE Feifei. Effects of Anti-fatigue in Vivo and Anti-oxidant in Vitro of Polysaccharides from Polygala tenuifolia Willd.on Exhaustive Exercise Mice[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2021, 42(6): 332-336. DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2020050292