在民航飞行英语中，有些一词多义的情况，这与英语语言的习惯用法不无关系，有些一词多义之间的释义差异比较大。因此，正确理解这些词语的用法，对设备的正确使用和程序的正确应用等非常重要。笔者根据工作经验，在此列出7个比较具有代表性的一词多义的词汇roll, rotate, turn, manual,power, wheel和 clearance，所举示例均摘自波音和空客的飞行技术手册。
Roll
1、横侧、滚转（动词，名词）
示例：
Rapid and large alternating control inputs, especially incombination with large changes in pitch, roll, or yaw (e.g. large sideslip angles) may result instructural failures at any speed, even below VA.
However, the aerodynamic capacity of the rollsurfaces, when fully deflected, is muchhigher.
Verify HDG HOLD is displayed in the roll mode annunciator.
The same analysis is performed for lateral gusts, rolling maneuvers and asymmetrical engine failure conditions.
2、滑跑（动词，名词）
Takeoff roll
Roll out
Rolling takeoff
Automatic roll outperformance has been approved on dry and wet runways, but performance on snowcovered or icy runway has not been demonstrated.
These lights are optimized for flare and ground roll.
Rotate
1、转动（动词，rotation为其名词形式）
Rotate forward 180° to the closed position. The door lowers into position,latches, and locks.
Verify that the fan is free to rotate and fan bladesare undamaged.
While maintaining the position of the yellow tab near the red inflation lever,rotatethe mask so it isvertical above the box.
It is possible to rotate, push in and pull-out the knobs.
The knob is rotated clockwise toincrease or counterclockwise to decrease the landing altitude setting.
When the APU selector is rotated to OFF, the APUCinitiates a normal shutdown sequence.
This knob enablesthe selection of a barometric pressure, setting a variation of 10 hPa per knob rotation.
2、抬轮（动词，rotation为其名词形式）
At VR, rotate toward 15° pitchattitude.
Rotate, lift off and retract gear and high lift devices in the normal manner.
The speed at which the pilot rotates in order to reach V2 at an altitude of 35 ft at thelatest after an engine failure.
Rotate at the adjusted (higher) rotationspeed.
GPWS windshear detection begins at rotation.
Turn
1、转动（动词，名词）
Do not turn the nose wheel tiller duringpushback or towing.
To leave the AUTO position, pull out and turn the selector.
2、打开（turn on）、关闭（turnoff）
The flight director must be turned OFF to exit HUD TO/GAmode before a different HUD TAKEOFF can be selected.
Do not rely on airframe visualicing cues before turning ON engine and wing anti-ice.
3、转弯（动词，名词）
Before turning off the runway, disconnectthe autopilot.
In the event of a crosswind during 180° turns, turn away from the windif possible to minimize sand and dust ingestion.
Differential thrust may be usedto help maintain airplane momentum during turns.
Turning angle
Procedure turn
4、变成、变得（动词）
The EFOB at destination will turn to amber if it becomes less than the MIN DEST FOB value.
It turnsgreen when the Go-around phase becomes active.
Manual
1、手册（名词）
Flight Crew Operations Manual
Airplane Flight Manual
Flight Crew Training Manual
2、人工的，手动的（形容词，manually为其副词形式）
Manual landing
When the winds have been entered, the F-PLN B pagedisplays the forecast wind profile at all descent waypoints using values it hasinterpolated from manual entries.
When a manual selection is made, the RETURN TO AUTO selection becomes available.
The distance along the flight plan from the destinationto the alternate airport. Otherwise, the direct distance manually entered by the flight crew in the OTHER ALTN field.
To manually change the position computed by the FMGEC (FM positionand bias), the pilot uses“UPDATED AT” on the progress page.
Power
1、动力、功率（名词）
Auxiliary Power Unit
Power setting is based on one engine operating 310 KIAS or .85 Mach.
As nose gear doors remain open, thehydraulic power for nose wheel steering is lost.
In some conditions, with fullasymmetric power, the aircraft may be control-limited before reaching the limits of theprotection system.
Included is APU starting and the establishmentof electrical and pneumatic power.
2、电源（名词）
Electrical power
Ground power
External power sources
Backup power supply
A part of this AC power is converted into DC power for certain applications.
3、供电（动词）
After engine start, the motors will be poweredand the messages willclear automatically.
When the EEC is not powered, N1, N2, oil quantity and engine vibration are displayed directly fromthe engine sensors.
4、提供动力、由动力操纵（动词）
Engine 1 is usually started first. It powers the blue hydraulic system, whichpressurizes the parking brake.
The airplane is powered by two CFM56–7 engines.
A bleed–air–powered starter motor is connected to the N2rotor.
When the door operating handle is movedto the OPEN position, the door is poweredopen。
Wheel
1、机轮（名词）
Main gear wheel
Nose wheel
Wheel well
Wheel brake systems
2、驾驶盘（名词）
Control wheel
3、操纵轮（名词）
pitch trim wheel
steering hand wheels
Clearance
1、许可，批准，允许（名词，clear为其动词形式）
departure/approach/landing clearance
Obtain a clearance to startthe engines.
When read-back confirmation isreceived, the flight crew can perform the clearancedisplayed on the DCDU.
2、超越障碍（名词）
obstacle clearance height
Extremely low temperatures create significant altimeter errors and greaterpotential for reduced terrain clearance.
For optimum takeoff performance, use flaps 5, 10 or 15 unless limited byobstacleclearanceand/or climb gradient.
3、间隙、余隙（名词）
The TCC system is controlled by the FADEC to improveengine performance by controlling the intermediate pressure turbine blade tip clearance, and cooling intermediate pressure and low pressureturbine cases.
Eye to wheel height on approach is 31 ft and minimum recommendedwheel clearanceover the threshold is 20 ft.
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