外贸术语中英文对照表（分类整理）
以下是按业务环节分类整理的200个常用外贸术语中英文对照表：
一、贸易方式
- FOB (Free On Board) 离岸价
- CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight) 到岸价
- EXW (Ex Works) 工厂交货
- DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) 完税后交货
- CFR (Cost and Freight) 成本加运费
- CPT (Carriage Paid To) 运费付至
- DAP (Delivered At Place) 目的地交货
- L/C (Letter of Credit) 信用证
- T/T (Telegraphic Transfer) 电汇
- Consignment 寄售
二、运输与物流
- Bill of Lading (B/L) 提单
- Air Waybill (AWB) 空运单
- Container 集装箱
- Freight Forwarder 货运代理
- Demurrage 滞港费
- Detention 滞箱费
- TEU (Twenty-foot Equivalent Unit) 标准集装箱
- FCL (Full Container Load) 整柜
- LCL (Less than Container Load) 拼柜
- Port of Loading 装运港
三、支付与结算
- Advance Payment 预付款
- CAD (Cash Against Documents) 凭单付款
- DP (Documents Against Payment) 付款交单
- DA (Documents Against Acceptance) 承兑交单
- SWIFT Code 银行国际代码
- Bank Draft 银行汇票
- Remittance 汇款
- Open Account 赊销
- Irrevocable LC 不可撤销信用证
- Sight LC 即期信用证
四、单证与文件
- Commercial Invoice 商业发票
- Packing List 装箱单
- Certificate of Origin 原产地证
- Inspection Certificate 检验证书
- Phytosanitary Certificate 植物检疫证书
- Bill of Exchange 汇票
- SGS Report 通用公证行报告
- ATA Carnet 临时进出口通关单证
- Proforma Invoice 形式发票
- Shipping Instruction 装运指示
五、合同与条款
- Force Majeure 不可抗力
- Arbitration Clause 仲裁条款
- Penalty Clause 违约金条款
- Warranty 保修条款
- Incoterms 国际贸易术语解释通则
- MOQ (Minimum Order Quantity) 最小起订量
- OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) 贴牌生产
- ODM (Original Design Manufacturer) 原创设计生产
- Lead Time 交货周期
- Non-compete Clause 竞业禁止条款
六、市场与营销
- B2B (Business to Business) 企业对企业
- B2C (Business to Consumer) 企业对消费者
- OEM Customer 贴牌客户
- Distributor 经销商
- Wholesaler 批发商
- Retailer 零售商
- Market Penetration 市场渗透
- Brand Loyalty 品牌忠诚度
- SKU (Stock Keeping Unit) 库存单位
- E-commerce Platform 电商平台
七、结算与融资
- Factoring 保理
- Forfaiting 福费廷
- Bank Guarantee 银行保函
- Export Credit Insurance 出口信用保险
- Usance LC 远期信用证
- Negotiation Bank 议付行
- Revolving LC 循环信用证
- Standby LC 备用信用证
- Collection 托收
- Discounting 贴现
八、关税与税收
- Tariff 关税
- VAT (Value Added Tax) 增值税
- Duty-Free 免税
- Anti-dumping Duty 反倾销税
- HS Code (Harmonized System Code) 商品编码
- Bonded Warehouse 保税仓库
- Drawback 退税
- Excise Tax 消费税
- MFN (Most Favored Nation) 最惠国待遇
- GSP (Generalized System of Preferences) 普惠制
九、电子商务
- Cross-border E-commerce 跨境电商
- Dropshipping 一件代发
- Fulfillment Center 物流中心
- Payment Gateway 支付网关
- Chargeback 退单
- Return Policy 退货政策
- SEO (Search Engine Optimization) 搜索引擎优化
- PPC (Pay Per Click) 点击付费广告
- CRM (Customer Relationship Management) 客户关系管理
- Marketplace 电商平台（如Amazon, Alibaba）
十、保险
- All Risks 一切险
- FPA (Free From Particular Average) 平安险
- General Average 共同海损
- Marine Insurance 海运保险
- War Risk 战争险
- Cargo Insurance 货物保险
跨境电商常用专业术语中英对照大全
十一、质量与检验
- QC (Quality Control) 质量控制
- QA (Quality Assurance) 质量保证
- Pre-shipment Inspection 装船前检验
- Defect Rate 缺陷率
- Sample Approval 样品确认
- Third-party Inspection 第三方检验
- Tolerance 公差
- Non-conformance 不合格品
- AQL (Acceptable Quality Level) 可接受质量水平
- Certificate of Analysis 分析证书
十二、包装与标签
- Neutral Packaging 中性包装
- Pallet 托盘
- Shrink Wrap 收缩膜
- Barcode 条形码
- RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) 射频识别
- CE Marking 欧盟认证标志
- FDA Certification 美国食品药品认证
- RoHS Compliance 有害物质限制指令合规
- OEM Labeling 贴牌标签
- Carton Mark 箱唛
十三、法律与仲裁
- Jurisdiction 司法管辖权
- Mediation 调解
- Litigation 诉讼
- CISG (UN Convention on Contracts for International Sale of Goods) 联合国国际货物销售合同公约
- Force Majeure Certificate 不可抗力证明
- Intellectual Property Rights 知识产权
- Non-disclosure Agreement (NDA) 保密协议
- Breach of Contract 违约
- Liquidated Damages 预定违约金
- Arbitration Award 仲裁裁决
十四、客户与售后服务
- After-sales Service 售后服务
- RMA (Return Merchandise Authorization) 退货授权
- Customer Retention 客户留存
- Complaint Handling 投诉处理
- SLA (Service Level Agreement) 服务级别协议
- Technical Support 技术支持
- Warranty Period 保修期
- Spare Parts 备件
- Feedback Loop 反馈机制
- Customer Satisfaction Survey 客户满意度调查
十五、行业组织与协议
- WTO (World Trade Organization) 世界贸易组织
- ICC (International Chamber of Commerce) 国际商会
- ISO (International Organization for Standardization) 国际标准化组织
- FTA (Free Trade Agreement) 自由贸易协定
- APEC (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation) 亚太经合组织
- RCEP (Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership) 区域全面经济伙伴关系协定
- IATA (International Air Transport Association) 国际航空运输协会
- FIATA (International Federation of Freight Forwarders Associations) 国际货运代理协会联合会
- BAF (Bunker Adjustment Factor) 燃油附加费
- CAF (Currency Adjustment Factor) 货币调整附加费
十六、贸易壁垒与合规
- Quota 配额
- Embargo 禁运
- Sanction 制裁
- Technical Barrier 技术性贸易壁垒
- RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) 有害物质限制
- REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals) 化学品注册评估法规
- COO (Country of Origin) 原产国
- Dual-use Goods 两用物项
- Export License 出口许可证
- End-user Certificate 最终用户证明
十七、货币与汇率
- Exchange Rate 汇率
- Forex (Foreign Exchange) 外汇
- Hedging 对冲
- Currency Fluctuation 货币波动
- Spot Rate 即期汇率
- Forward Rate 远期汇率
- Hard Currency 硬通货
- Soft Currency 软通货
- Devaluation 货币贬值
- Appreciation 货币升值
十八、风险管理
- Credit Risk 信用风险
- Political Risk 政治风险
- Currency Risk 汇率风险
- Supply Chain Risk 供应链风险
- Contingency Plan 应急预案
- Due Diligence 尽职调查
- Escrow Account 第三方托管账户
- Performance Bond 履约保证金
- Counterparty Risk 交易对手风险
- Force Majeure Clause 不可抗力条款
十九、技术术语
- IoT (Internet of Things) 物联网
- Blockchain 区块链
- Smart Contract 智能合约
- ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) 企业资源计划
- SaaS (Software as a Service) 软件即服务
- 3PL (Third-party Logistics) 第三方物流
- RFID Tracking 射频识别追踪
- Big Data Analytics 大数据分析
- AI (Artificial Intelligence) 人工智能
- Cloud Computing 云计算
二十、展会与推广
- Trade Show 贸易展会
- Booth Rental 展位租赁
- Product Launch 产品发布会
- Press Release 新闻稿
- Brochure 宣传册
- Key Account 重点客户
- Referral Program 推荐计划
- Loyalty Program 忠诚度计划
- Cold Calling 电话推销
- Sales Funnel 销售漏斗
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