陶瓷绞胎工艺是我国陶瓷史上的一朵奇葩，是将仿犀皮漆器工艺运用到瓷器制作而创新的又一新瓷种。该工艺始于唐，成熟于宋金，它主要烧制窑口有河南巩县黄冶窑、当阳峪窑、鲁山段店窑和山东淄博窑。在唐代主要有巩县黄冶窑和鲁山段店窑。绞胎陶瓷的制作原理是，分别选用白红或白褐泥料层层叠加柔搓后制成薄料坯，再根据器物的纹理构图需要，剪切拼合并贴模成型，经修坯、晾干、素烧，再上釉烧成，技法上有整片绞胎和镶嵌贴面二种，由于其工艺复杂、技术难度大，两种颜色的泥料收缩比与烧制温度不同，易开裂，难于完美结合，故成品率较低。再因其手工操作的任意性，每一件产品都有其不同的纹理特色，其纹理结构只有相似，绝无雷同，故难以进行规模化生产。绞胎陶瓷由于其独特的纹理结构和色彩变化、以及超群的美感，再加上成本高产量低，多为当时皇家及达官贵人所拥有。目前已知北京故宫、山东、陕西、上海等几家博物馆有少量馆藏，加起来也只是个位数。因其稀有，还有“陶瓷大熊猫”、“一片值千金”之说，叶喆民先生则称之为“君子之瓷”。
The ceramic twisted tire process is a wonderful work in the history of ceramics in China. It is another new porcelain that is innovative in applying the rhombic lacquer ware process to porcelain production. The process began in Tang and matured in Songjin. It mainly burned kiln mouths including Huangye Kiln in Henan Gongxian, Dangyang Kiln, Lushan Duandian Kiln and Shandong Zibo Kiln. In the Tang Dynasty, there were mainly Huangye Kiln in Gong County and Lushan Section Store Kiln. The manufacturing principle of the twisted ceramics is that the white red or white brown mud layers are respectively layered and laminated to form a thin blank, and then according to the texture composition of the utensils, the cutting is combined with the molding, and the blanks are dried and dried. Dry, burnt, and glazed, there are two kinds of twisted tires and inlaid veneers. Due to the complicated process and technical difficulty, the shrinkage ratio of the two colors is different from the firing temperature, and it is easy to crack. It is difficult to combine perfectly, so the yield is low. Because of the arbitrariness of manual operation, each product has its own different texture features, its texture structure is only similar, and there is no similarity, so it is difficult to carry out large-scale production. Because of its unique texture structure and color change, as well as its superior beauty, coupled with high cost and low output, the grounding ceramics are mostly owned by the royal and dignitaries at that time. It is known that there are a small number of collections in several museums such as the Forbidden City in Beijing, Shandong, Shaanxi, and Shanghai, which add up to a single digit. Because of its rarity, there are also "ceramic giant pandas" and "a piece of worth of money". Mr. Ye Yimin called it "the porcelain of a gentleman."
绞胎与唐三彩烧制温度都不高，还有人称之为釉陶。其成品有素烧器和施釉器，施釉器多施黄、绿及透明釉，器型有瓶、碗、盘、枕、炉、罐类日用器，还有砚、棋盘、马球、动物佛像等；还出现绞胎三彩器，即在绞胎器上施黄、绿黑、蓝等色釉。宋代绞胎瓷在唐代工艺的基础上又发扬光大，瓷化程度较高，其花纹较精细，可见木纹、水波纹、行云纹、鸟羽纹、团花纹等。
The temperature of the twisted tire and the Tang Sancai firing is not high, and some people call it glazed pottery. The finished product has a burner and a glazing device, and the glaze is applied with yellow, green and transparent glaze. The device has a bottle, a bowl, a plate, a pillow, a stove, a canister, a pottery, a checkerboard, a polo, an animal. Buddha statues, etc.; there are also twisted tires, that is, yellow, green, black and blue glaze on the tires. On the basis of the Tang Dynasty's crafts, the porcelain in the Song Dynasty was carried forward on the basis of the Tang Dynasty's craftsmanship. The degree of porcelain was higher, and its pattern was finer. Wood grain, water ripple, line cloud pattern, bird feather pattern and group pattern were visible.
黄釉瓷是指在基础釉料中加入适量的铁为着色剂，在氧化焰中烧成后，釉面呈现黄色的瓷器，是古代颜色釉瓷器中极其重要的品种。《通典》注云：“黄者，中和美色，黄承天德，最盛醇美，故以尊色为溢也”。尤其是明清时期，黄釉瓷器还成为了皇家祭祀与宫廷礼仪用瓷之一。从烧造技术与烧成温度而言，古代黄釉一般分为高温黄釉瓷与低温黄釉陶两大类。本文梳理的主要是古代各大窑场曾经烧造过的黄釉瓷名品。它们孕育千年，既是民族风格的折射，也是时代精神的反映，生动再现了古代黄釉的独特艺术魅力。
Yellow glazed porcelain refers to the addition of an appropriate amount of iron as a coloring agent to the base glaze. After firing in an oxidizing flame, the glazed surface is yellow porcelain, which is an extremely important variety in ancient color glaze porcelain. "General Code" note cloud: "Yellow, neutral and beautiful, Huang Cheng Tiande, the most mellow, so the color is also overflowing." Especially in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the yellow glazed porcelain became one of the royal rituals and court ceremonial porcelain. In terms of firing technology and firing temperature, ancient yellow glaze is generally divided into two categories: high temperature yellow glaze porcelain and low temperature yellow glaze pottery. The main reason for this article is the famous yellow glazed porcelain that has been burnt in ancient kiln. They have been bred for thousands of years, which is not only a reflection of the national style, but also a reflection of the spirit of the times, vividly recreating the unique artistic charm of ancient yellow glaze.
轩宇艺术有幸征得一件唐代晚期的黄地绞釉双龙耳盘口瓶，双龙耳瓶是唐代流行的瓶式，口径: 8.2cm 高：38.9cm 底径：11.8cm，通体施黄釉。瓶盘口，细长颈，溜肩，腹部丰满，至胫处渐收。颈上突起5道弦纹。口沿与肩之间有两个对称的龙形柄高耸直立，龙头探进瓶口衔住口沿。胎极黄。
Xuanyu Art was fortunate to have a yellow glazed double dragon earring bottle in the late Tang Dynasty. The double dragon ear bottle is a popular bottle type in the Tang Dynasty. The caliber: 8.2cm high: 38.9cm bottom diameter: 11.8cm glaze. Bottle mouth, slender neck, slippery shoulders, full abdomen, and gradually gather at the sputum. There are 5 chords on the neck. There are two symmetrical dragon-shaped handles standing upright between the mouth and the shoulders, and the faucet probes into the mouth of the bottle. The tire is extremely yellow.
此瓶以造型的空间虚实以及轮廓线的自然和谐见长，对称的龙形柄与口、肩相连所形成的虚实对比，于浑厚质朴中洋溢出俊俏与妩媚，圆滑的曲线与折角处分明的棱角有机结合后，又于刚健挺拔中透出协调柔和的韵律美。器身施黄釉，更显高贵典雅。这种瓶的形制受到了外来文化的影响，在融进本民族的文化特色后，端庄典雅的形体一展大唐盛世的神韵。
The bottle is characterized by the space of the shape and the natural harmony of the contour. The symmetrical dragon-shaped handle is connected with the mouth and the shoulder to form a virtual and real contrast. In the thick and simple, the ocean overflows handsomely and charmingly, and the smooth curve and the corner are distinct. After the organic combination of the edges and corners, the rhythmic beauty of harmony and softness is revealed in the rigid and straight. The body is yellow glazed, which is more noble and elegant. The shape of this bottle has been influenced by the foreign culture. After being integrated into the cultural characteristics of the nation, the dignified and elegant form shows the charm of the Tang Dynasty.
丰富艺术生活，传递艺术价值！如果您对这件唐代晚期的黄地绞釉双龙耳盘口瓶感兴趣，欢迎联系轩宇（广州）艺术传媒有限公司！
Enrich art life and deliver artistic value! If you are interested in this late Tang Dynasty yellow glazed double dragon earring bottle, please contact Xuanyu (Guangzhou) Art Media Co., Ltd.!
分享是一种美德，分享是一种快乐，学会分享，快乐他人！
Sharing is a virtue, sharing is a pleasure, learning to share, happy others!
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