丁型肝炎是丁型肝炎病毒(HDV)感染引起的肝脏疾病。HDV是一种有缺陷的小RNA病毒,其复制依赖于乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)辅助,乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)作为其外膜[1]。HBV/HDV重叠感染可加速肝脏疾病进展,导致肝硬化、肝功能失代偿、肝细胞癌(HCC)以及肝病相关死亡的风险显著增加[2]。
早期流行病学数据显示,全世界约有2.4亿人感染HBV,其中HBV/HDV合并感染者估计为1500万~2000万[3-5]。近期发表的几项系统评价和荟萃分析表明,4.5%~14.6%的HBsAg阳性患者合并感染HDV,全球估计有900万~7200万例HDV感染者[6-8],高于既往报道。我国虽为HDV低流行地区,但由于我国乙型肝炎患者众多,HDV的绝对感染人数居全球第一[6]。因此,丁型肝炎是我们不容忽视的问题。
为了早日实现世界卫生组织提出的“2030年消除病毒性肝炎”的目标,本刊联合吉智医特推出“关注丁肝”专题系列文章,邀请肝病领域著名专家深入阐述HDV的病毒学、疾病特征、流行病学、筛查、诊断和治疗。
专题开篇,我们特别邀请了北京大学医学部庄辉院士,为大家介绍HDV的病毒结构、复制周期、基因型等内容。
HDV病毒学特征
HDV的复制周期
HDV基因型
HDV可通过HBV以外的病毒传播
参考文献:(上下滑动查看更多)
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❈ 来源:吉智医

