3. 院内患者低血压的发生,主要是抗高血压药物的影响,和病人疾病相关;常见的镇静药物对血压影响也不大,大部分都在5%以内。
4. 镇静药物对心功能有影响,但丙泊酚主要影响容量,右美托咪定影响心功能,需根据病人情况来选择药物。右美托咪定是可调性的,可滴定的心率下降。
5. 镇静与体循环阻力的影响:
咪达唑仑 |
丙泊酚 |
右美托咪定 |
|
心输出量 |
降低/无影响 |
降低 |
降低 |
体循环阻力 |
降低/无影响 |
降低明显 |
升高/无影响 |
6. 右美托咪定可以减低血管活性药物剂量。
7. 镇痛药物对血流动力学的影响是多环节的,但强度都不领先。
6. 
参考文献:
1.A Multicenter Study of the PointPrevalence of Drug-Induced Hypotension in the ICU;
2.Risk factors andprognosis of hypotension in postoperative sedation patients
3.Dexmedetomidine vsMidazolam or Propofol for Sedation During Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation :TwoRandomized Controlled Trials ;
4.DexmedetomidineSedation Leading to Refractory Cardiogenic Shock;
5.Sedative andechocardiographic effects of dexmedetomidine combined with butorphanol inhealthy dogs
6.Cardiogenic shockfollowing administration of propofol and fentanyl in a healthy woman: a casereport
7.The effects ofpropofol and dexmedetomidine infusion on fluid responsiveness incritically ill patients;
8.Propofol versusmidazolam for intensive care unit sedation after coronary artery bypassgrafting;
9.Use of sedative andanalgesic agents in neurotrauma patients: Effects on cerebral physiology;
10.Alpha-2 agonists toreduce vasopressor requirements in septic shock?
11.Impact of systematic evaluation of pain and agitation inan intensive care unit*
12.Effect of Heart RateControl With Esmolol on Hemodynamic and Clinical Outcomes in Patients WithSeptic ShockA Randomized Clinical Trial
13.Long-Term β-BlockerTherapy Decreases Blood Lactate Concentration in Severely Septic Patients

王小亭教授,主任医师,重症医学博士,硕士研究生导师。北京协和医院重症医学科副主任兼帅府ICU主任,中华医学会重症分会青委副主任委员,北京重症超声研究会会长,北京协和医院科研委员会委员,中华医学会5C培训师,世界重症超声联盟中国区co-ordinator,国际讲师。中国重症超声研究组(CCUSG)常务组长。中国冷静治疗研究组发起人之一,中国医师协会北京心脏重症常委,中国医师协会神经重症委员会全国委员,海峡两岸医药学会心脏重症委员会全国常委。

